Week 4

Question 1

cortical level of CNS

Answer 1

intent, imitation
programming, execution
recognition, awareness, assist in program control

Question 2

subcortical (BG) of CNS

Answer 2

initiation, refinement, inhibition
motor tuning, awareness

Question 3

brainstem of CNS

Answer 3

junction box
centers (interfunction coordination)
reflexes in conjunction with sensory input

Question 4

cerebellum level of CNS

Answer 4

works with basal ganglia to polish movements
-refinement

Question 5

peripheral nerve level of CNS

Answer 5

LMN, sensory input

Question 6

muscles of CNS

Answer 6

prime movers and sensory receptors

Question 7

areas for swallowing

Answer 7

internal capsule
primary motor and sensory strips
but not single location has been shown to be responsible for swallow function

Question 8

what lobe responsible for intention

Answer 8

frontal cortex

Question 9

what lobe for programming

Answer 9

frontal gyri

Question 10

what lobe for execution

Answer 10

central sulcus

Question 11

what part for initiation

Answer 11

primary motor strip

Question 12

what lobe for sensation

Answer 12

post central sulcus

Question 13

what lobe for sensory interpretation

Answer 13

parietal lobe

Question 14

bilateral damage results in what

Answer 14

greatest functional impairment

Question 15

are swallowing motor functions bilaterally or unilaterally represented in hemispheres

Answer 15

bilaterally

Question 16

dysphagia in stroke syndromes

Answer 16

volitional motor control (initiation difficulties)
weakness (transport difficulties)
sensory recognition (residue, aspiration)
communication and related deficits (inability to describe difficulties)

Question 17

swallow deficits after hemispheric stroke

Answer 17

-reduced initiation of dry swallow
-delayed triggering og pharyngeal swallow
-increased pharyngeal transit duration
-incoordinated oral movements
-aspiration
-PES dysfunction

Question 18

acute (0-1 month)

Answer 18

-most comorbid conditions (how to avoid these complications)
-resolving dysphagia (need for therapy)
-nutrition//hydration (how to maintain it)