Week 3 - Visualisation

Question 1

relative frequency distribution

Answer 1

the fraction of occurrences of each value of variable.

Question 2

bar graph

Answer 2

Bar graph: height of rectangular bars to display the frequency distribution of categorical variables.

Question 3

histogram

Answer 3

Histogram: uses the area of rectangular bars to display the frequency distribution of a numerical variable.

Mode is highest peak
Symmetric of skewed
Outliers

Question 4

contingency table

Answer 4

frequency of occurrence of all combinations of two or more categorical variables.

Question 5

grouped bar chart

Answer 5

frequency distributions of two or more categorical variables.

Question 6

mosaic plot

Answer 6

stacked bar chart that displays two or more categorical variables.

Question 7

scatter plot

Answer 7

graphical display of two numerical variables in which each observation is represented as a point on a graph with two axes.

Question 8

strip plot

Answer 8

graphic display of a numerical variable and a categorical variable in which each observation is represented as a dot.

Question 9

violin plot

Answer 9

shows an approximation of the frequency distribution of a numerical variable in each group and its mirror image.

Question 10

line graph

Answer 10

uses dots connected by line segments to display trends over time in a summary measurement such as the mean or an ordered series.

Question 11

map

Answer 11

spatial equivalent to a line graph using colour gradient to display the numerical response variable at multiple locations.

Question 12

how to graph?

Answer 12

Show the data - help you see potential problems and not hide anything
Make patterns easy to see - highlight trends, make comparisons easy, colour and shade, don’t use 3D
Represent magnitudes honestly - must start at zero with bar graphs but can use a different plotting method
Draw elements clearly