Week 3: Knee, leg and foot Flashcards
Why does the patella have a large lateral articular surface?
- To match the large lateral part of the femur’s patella surface.
- This helps prevent lateral patella dislocation.
What two movements do the lateral collateral ligaments prevent?
Adduction and hyperextension.
What two movements do the medial collateral ligaments prevent?
Abduction and hyperextension.
What movements do the ACL prevent?
Hyperextension and anterior displacement of the tibia.
What movements do the PCL prevent?
Posterior displacement of the tibia.
What prevents the knee from extending too far?
Collateral ligaments and ACL.
What is the function of the menisci?
Control rotary movements of the knee joint.
What is more common: medial meniscal damage or lateral? Why?
- Medial.
- More likely to be struck on the lateral side of the knee than medial (forces abduction).
When standing normally, what muscles are active to keep the knee extended?
None.
What muscle is important for performing the last few degrees of knee extension?
Vastus medialis.
What two nerves does the sciatic nerve split into?
- Tibial nerve.
- Common peroneal nerve/Common fibular nerve.
The long head of the biceps femoris muscles forms part of what muscle group?
The hamstrings.
What compartment of the lower leg does the tibial nerve innervate? And the common peroneal nerve?
- Posterior.
- Anterior and lateral.
Label these parts.
Label these parts.
