Week 3 - Image Formats & Vector Graphics Flashcards
State the two types of representing graphical data?
- Vectors
* Bitmaps
Describe what vector graphics are?
- Many individual, scalable objects.
- Defined by mathematical equations than pixels.
- Uses coordinates (x,y)
Describe what a vector display is?
• Vector screens controlled the motion of the electron gun.
Benefits of vector graphics?
- Smaller capacity than bitmaps.
* Can do 3D graphics.
Describe what aliasing is?
- Modern displays made up of pixels
* Therefore, curved or diagonal lines appear stepped.
Rendering a vector made of pixels can be considered as a type of?
• Sampling & reconstruction.
As the resolution of the display increases?
• Jagged edges become less pronounced.
Describe anti-aliasing?
• Software which inserts extra pixels around the line to reduce the jagged edge effect.
What are vector primitives?
• Fundamental objects used to create a vector image.
What is a Bezier curve?
- Curve defined by 4 points
- 2 start and ends points
- 2 directional points
Name the 4 vector transformations?
- Translation
- Rotated
- Scaled
- Reflected
What do 2D vector graphics enable?
- Relatively complex presentations in small files.
* e.g. family guy,
What are the resolution benefits for vector graphics?
• Scalability provide better result than bitmaps.
Describe true type fonts?
• Is a outline of the the character enabling scaling to be done without aliasing or jagged edges.
What file formats were used for vector graphics?
- AI (Adobe Illustrator)
- CDR (CorelDRAW)
- WMF Windows Metafile
- VSD Microsoft Visio
Describe what SVG is?
- Scalable vector graphics
- 1999-2000 by W3C
- Uses XML
What did 3D modelling allow?
- Rendering of models is possible in real-time on normal workstations.
- 3D games
State the 3 3D modelling approaches?
CSG
FFM
PM
- Constructive solid geometry - box modelling.
- Free form modelling - polygon mesh.
- Procedural modelling.
What was constructive geometry formed from?
- Many solid geometry shapes using union, intersection and difference.
- Was able to form more complex shapes.
Describe free form modelling?
- Object formed from many polygons.
* Can made semi realistic objects.
Describe procedural modelling?
- Uses set of rules & applies an algorithm to form the surface.
- Fractal distortion of landscape.
- Non-uniform rational B-spline.
