Week 3- CORPT, Soil Types

Question 1

What is C.O.R. P. T

Answer 1

Climate, organisms, relief, parent material, time

Question 2

What is the importance of temperature for plant development?

Answer 2

Plant growth (type/quantity), biological activity(decomposition/mineralization), evaporation,physical reaction (freeze/thaw)

Question 3

What is the importance of precipitation?

Answer 3

Dissolved materials,plant growth,biological activity, translocation, transformation,erosion

Question 4

What is relief?

Answer 4

Aka topography or slope caused by erosion. Slope is the main determining factor though it also includes color, temp, profile thickness, wetness, chemistry, and horizon expression

Question 5

What is parent material?

Answer 5

It is transported material,bedrock or residual material, and organic material

Question 6

What is residual parent material?

Answer 6

Residual develops in place from weathering of underlying rock

Question 7

What is Colluvial parent material?

Answer 7

Carried by gravity

Question 8

What is Alluvial parent material?

Answer 8

Carried by water (floodplains, deltas,etc)

Question 9

What is Eolian parent material

Answer 9

Wind transported material

Question 10

What does time do?

Answer 10

It exposes rock by weathering and makes new soil over time

Question 11

What is soil taxonomy ?

Answer 11

A systematic hierarchy of soil classification

Question 12

How many soil taxonomy categories are there?

Answer 12

6

Question 13

What is vertisol?

Answer 13

Dark swelling and cracking clays. It is developed from disintegrated parent material and limestone. Found mainly in sub humid and semi arid areas

Question 14

What is Gelisol?

Answer 14

Soil with permafrost. Pedoturbation due to formation of ice crystals

Question 15

What is Histosol?

Answer 15

It is greater than 50% of the top 80cm of the soil, is organic and it must have 12% organic carbon or 20% organic matter

Question 16

What is Aridisol?

Answer 16

It occurs in arid regions, ochric epipedon with any several subsoil horizons. Always in dry climate regions. Lots of calcium and not much O horizon

Question 17

What is spodosol?

Answer 17

Spodic horizon often has an albic(white)-usually in cold humid climates. May form in rainfall, warm climates under acid vegetation, form mostly in coarse textured acid materials

Question 18

What is ultisol?

Answer 18

Ochric epipedon and argillic horizon and may have an albic horizon. base saturation <35% in the argillic. Oldest type of soil order and is red clay soils. In productive forests

Question 19

What is alfisol?

Answer 19

Ochric epipedon, argillic horizon and may have an albic horizon which is most acidic. Base saturation >35% in the argillic. Subsurface zone of accumulation,(argillic can also be kandic or natric)

Question 20

What is mollisol?

Answer 20

Mollic epipedon. Most common in subhumid to semi arid climates. High base parent material, usually formed under grass, amongst most productive soils

Question 21

What is oxisol?

Answer 21

Highly weathered soil,only Iron, aluminum, oxides, hydroxide minerals remain. Tropical soils and no clearly defined horizons. Clay content often high

Question 22

What is inceptisol?

Answer 22

Beginning le inception of soil profile development, minimal soil development, young soil but more developed than entisol, more important in Asia

Question 23

What is andisol?

Answer 23

• Formed in volcanic materials
• low bulk density
• abundant in non-crustallme materials
• white pumice volcanic material and crystals often found

Question 24

What is entisol?

Answer 24

weakly developed mineral soils
• no significant soil development
• Young soil
parent material have not reacted to soil forming factors
• soil productivity = high to low