Week 3- CORPT, Soil Types Flashcards
What is C.O.R. P. T
Climate, organisms, relief, parent material, time
What is the importance of temperature for plant development?
Plant growth (type/quantity), biological activity(decomposition/mineralization), evaporation,physical reaction (freeze/thaw)
What is the importance of precipitation?
Dissolved materials,plant growth,biological activity, translocation, transformation,erosion
What is relief?
Aka topography or slope caused by erosion. Slope is the main determining factor though it also includes color, temp, profile thickness, wetness, chemistry, and horizon expression
What is parent material?
It is transported material,bedrock or residual material, and organic material
What is residual parent material?
Residual develops in place from weathering of underlying rock
What is Colluvial parent material?
Carried by gravity
What is Alluvial parent material?
Carried by water (floodplains, deltas,etc)
What is Eolian parent material
Wind transported material
What does time do?
It exposes rock by weathering and makes new soil over time
What is soil taxonomy ?
A systematic hierarchy of soil classification
How many soil taxonomy categories are there?
6
What is vertisol?
Dark swelling and cracking clays. It is developed from disintegrated parent material and limestone. Found mainly in sub humid and semi arid areas
What is Gelisol?
Soil with permafrost. Pedoturbation due to formation of ice crystals
What is Histosol?
It is greater than 50% of the top 80cm of the soil, is organic and it must have 12% organic carbon or 20% organic matter
What is Aridisol?
It occurs in arid regions, ochric epipedon with any several subsoil horizons. Always in dry climate regions. Lots of calcium and not much O horizon
What is spodosol?
Spodic horizon often has an albic(white)-usually in cold humid climates. May form in rainfall, warm climates under acid vegetation, form mostly in coarse textured acid materials
What is ultisol?
Ochric epipedon and argillic horizon and may have an albic horizon. base saturation <35% in the argillic. Oldest type of soil order and is red clay soils. In productive forests
What is alfisol?
Ochric epipedon, argillic horizon and may have an albic horizon which is most acidic. Base saturation >35% in the argillic. Subsurface zone of accumulation,(argillic can also be kandic or natric)
What is mollisol?
Mollic epipedon. Most common in subhumid to semi arid climates. High base parent material, usually formed under grass, amongst most productive soils
What is oxisol?
Highly weathered soil,only Iron, aluminum, oxides, hydroxide minerals remain. Tropical soils and no clearly defined horizons. Clay content often high
What is inceptisol?
Beginning le inception of soil profile development, minimal soil development, young soil but more developed than entisol, more important in Asia
What is andisol?
• Formed in volcanic materials
• low bulk density
• abundant in non-crustallme materials
• white pumice volcanic material and crystals often found
What is entisol?
weakly developed mineral soils
• no significant soil development
• Young soil
parent material have not reacted to soil forming factors
• soil productivity = high to low
