Week 3

Question 1

The process involved in retaining, retrieving and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas and skills after the original information is no longer present.

Answer 1

Memory

Question 2

Brief persistence of an image, which is one of the things that makes it possible to perceive movies

Answer 2

Sensory memory

Question 3

Information that stays in our memory for brief periods, about 10-15 seconds if we don’t repeat it over and over again

Answer 3

Short-term memory or working memory

Question 4

Responsible for storing information for long periods of time - this can extend from minutes to a lifetime.

Answer 4

Long term memory

Question 5

Long term memories of experiences from the past, like a picnic

Answer 5

Episodic memories

Question 6

The ability to ride a bicycle, or do any of the other things that involve muscle coordination

Answer 6

A type of long term memory called procedural memory

Question 7

Type of long term Memory of facts such as an address or a birthday or the names of different objects

Answer 7

Semantic memory

Question 8

Short in duration, yet looms large in importance

Answer 8

Short term memory

Question 9

An initial stage that holds all incoming information for seconds or fractions of a second

Answer 9

Sensory memory

Question 10

Holds five to seven items for about 15 to 20 seconds.

Answer 10

Short term memory

Question 11

Can hold a large amount of information for years or even decades.

Answer 11

Long term memory

Question 12

Model of memory that proposed three types of memory

Answer 12

Atkinson & Shiffrin’s (1968) modal model of memory; a flow diagram for memory

Question 13

Dynamic processes associated with the structural features that can be controlled by the person and may differ from one task to another.

Answer 13

Control processes

Question 14

An example of control process that operates on short term memory. It involves repeating a stimulus over and over, as you might repeat a telephone number in order to hold it in your mind after looking it up on the internet.

Answer 14

Rehearsal

Question 15

The process of storing a number in long term memory

Answer 15

Encoding

Question 16

The process of remembering information that is stored in long term memory

Answer 16

Retrieval

Question 17

The retention, for brief periods of time, of the effects of sensory stimulation. E.g. the experience of seeing a film, the trail left after a moving sparkler.

Answer 17

Sensory memory

Question 18

The retention of the perception of light in your mind, or the continued perception of a visual stimulus even after it is no longer present.

Answer 18

Persistence of vision

Question 19

Persistence of sound in mind

Answer 19

Echoic memory

Question 20

The emphasis of the concept of working memory is on how information is

Select one:

a. forgotten
b. manipulated
c. perceived
d. permanently stored

Answer 20

b. manipulated

Question 21

According to the model of working memory, which of the following mental tasks should LEAST adversely affect people’s driving performance while operating a car along an unfamiliar, winding road?

Select one:

a. Trying to imagine a portrait from a recent museum exhibit
b. Trying to remember the definition of a word they just learned
c. Trying to remember a map of the area
d. Trying to imagine how many cabinets are in their kitchen

Answer 21

b. Trying to remember the definition of a word they just learned

Question 22

The Stroop Effect demonstration predicts that participants will be faster to identify the ________ when it is ________ with the ________.

Select one:

a. ink color, incongruent, color
b. ink color, congruent, color word
c. color word, congruent, ink color
d. color word, incongruent, ink color

Answer 22

b. ink colour, congruent, colour word.

Question 23

The three structural components of the modal model of memory are

Select one:

a. sensory memory, iconic memory, rehearsal
b. sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory
c. receptors, temporal lobe, frontal lobe
d. receptors, occipital lobe, temporal lobe

Answer 23

b. sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory

Question 24

Imagine you are driving to a friend’s new house. In your mind, you say the address repeatedly until you arrive. Once you arrive, you stop thinking about the address and start to think about whether she will like the lasagna you brought over with you. To remember the address, you used a(n) process in STM.

Select one:

a. automatic
b. coding
c. iconic
d. control

Answer 24

d. control

Question 25

The Stroop effect demonstrates

Select one:

a. the ease of performing a low-load task
b. support for object-based attention
c. a failure of divided attention
d. how automatic processing can interfere with intended processing

Answer 25

d. how automatic processing can interfere with intended processing

Question 26

Compared to the whole-report technique, the partial-report procedure involves

Select one:

a. a smaller stimulus set
b. a shorter rehearsal period
c. a smaller response set
d. a smaller stimulus set and a smaller response set

Answer 26

c. a smaller response set

Question 27

Imagine yourself going from your home to your local supermarket. Your ability to form such a picture in your mind depends on which of the following components of working memory?

Select one:

a. The STM recency effect
b. Delayed response coding
c. The visuospatial sketchpad
d. The phonological loop

Answer 27

c. the visuospatial sketchpad

Question 28

If a person has a digit span of two, this indicates that he has memory.

Select one:

a. normal short-term
b. exceptional short-term
c. an absence of sensory
d. poor short-term

Answer 28

d. poor short-term

Question 29

The effective duration of short-term memory, when rehearsal is prevented, is

Select one:

a. 15-20 seconds or less
b. indefinite
c. just under a fraction of a second
d. 1-3 minutes or more

Answer 29

a. 15-20 seconds or less