Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1001PSY Mid-sem > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the phylogenetic evidence/argument?

A

There is a positive relationship between how complex the brain is and the level of cognitive abilities of the species.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Explain genetic/developmental evidence

A

the development of cognitive abilities follow the physical development of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Explain clinical evidence

A

Physical damage to the brain can detrimentally affect a persons cognitive abilities and behaviour.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Explain experimental evidence

A

experiments have shown that stimulating parts of the brain can cause motor movements and perceptual experiences and inhibiting parts of the brain can affect movement, cognitive abilities and emotion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Explain the evidence of brain recordings

A

there is a correlation between mental activity and brain recordings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Explain experiential evidence

A

drugs and other external factors can affect our behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A heritability coefficient of 0 means what?

A

Heredity does not play a role.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of glia cells?

A

They guide neurons to appropriate locations in the brain during development
Provide support, protection and nourishment for neurons
Act as insulators to prevent “cross talk”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is neuron’s main function?

A

receive, integrate and transmit information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What structure of a neuron receives information from terminal buttons of other neurons?

A

Dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the axon’s main function?

A

conveys action potential from soma to terminal buttons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do terminal buttons transmit information to other neurons?

A

via neurotransmitters being sent across the synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the relative refractory period?

A

a period after the absolute refractory period where firing potential is elevated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how are neurotransmitters synthesised?

A

from precursor molecules by enzymes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Parkinson’s disease is caused by an insufficient supply of what?

a. L-DOPA
b. Serotonin
c. Dopamine

A

c. dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 3 ways to stop postsynaptic activation of receptor sites?

A

neurotransmitter molecule can be broken down by a deactivating enzyme
Neurotransmitter can drift away from receptor site
Re-uptake of neurotransmitter (re-absorbed by presynaptic membrane)

17
Q

What does a neuromodulator do?

A

It can increase or decrease the IMPACT of neuortransmitters

18
Q

What are the small molecule neurotransmitters?

A

Amino acid neurotransmitter
Monoamine neurotransmitter
Acetylcholine

19
Q

What is the large molecule neurotransmitter?

A

Neuropeptides (endorphins)

20
Q

What is the role of Glutamate?

A

It has an excitatory effect on neurons throughout the brain and is important for learning

21
Q

What is the role of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)

A

inhibitory effect on neurons in the brain

valium and alcohol bind with GABA receptors and this reduces anxiety

22
Q

What is the role of Monoamine Dopamine neurotransmitters?

A

Plays a role in thoughts, feelings, motivation, behaviour and drug addiction.
It is also involved in movement, attention and decision making

23
Q

Overly high levels of what, lead to Schizophrenia?

a. Serotonin
b. Dopamine
c. GABA

A

b. Dopamine

24
Q

Degeneration of dopamine pathways in substantia nigra is linked with what disease?

A

Parkinson’s Disease

25
Q

What is the role of Monoamine Serotonin neurotransmitter?

A

It is involved in sleep, mood, eating, arousal and pain.

It also plays a role in inhibiting aggression and anti-social behaviour.

26
Q

What small molecule neurotransmitter is in a class of it’s own, activates motor neurons of skeletal muscles and is involved in arousal, learning and memory?

A

Acetylcholine (ACh)

27
Q

Alzheimer’s patients show depleted levels of what neurotransmitter?

A

Acetylcholine

28
Q

Which neurotransmitter will activate areas of the brain that regulate pain suppression and pleasure?

A

Endorphins

29
Q

Why do opium and narcotics drugs alleviate pain?

A

because the stimulate endorphin receptors in the brain

30
Q

Which drug binds with receptors for ACh and blocks transmission between neurons and muscles causing paralysis?

a. Curare
b. Cocaine
c. Benzodiazepines

A

a. Curare

31
Q

What neurotransmitters does cocaine block the re-uptake of, causing continued activation of their receptors?

A

dopamine and norepinephrine

32
Q

What are cocaine’s effects?

A

euphoria, loss of appetite, insomnia and addiction.

33
Q

This drug binds with GABA receptors and help to increase the inhibitory effect of GABA. It reduces anxiety and induces sleep.

A

Benzodiazepines

34
Q

This drug acts as precursor to dopamine and increases the production of dopamine in dopaminergic neurons. It is also used to treat Parkinson’s disease.

A

L-DOPA

1001PSY Mid-sem (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions