Week 3 Flashcards
Enterobacteriacea- how do they secrete stuff?
Type III= injection with needle thing
Enterobacteriacea- antigens?
O (Gram-), H, capsular Ag (K/Vi)
What do entero baceria do to inflamasomes?
They block them! they don’t want the inflamasome raising an alarm to activate the immune system!
What does legionella do in your cell that keeps it alive?
it blocks the phagolysosome, and just chills in the vesicle
Shigella- what does it do when it gets in the cell?
It shimmy’s out of the phagolysosome
Salmonella in phagolysosme?
It replicates.
3 infections e.coli can cause?
enteric, UTIs, sepsis/meningitis
Enteropathogenic e.coli
decrease brush border surface area= secretory diahrrea.
Major issue in young ones.
Enterohemorrhagic e.coli- what can it make that is systemic?
Produces toxins= Shigella or verotoxin with STX. Tropism for kidneys and causes hemolytic uremic syndrome
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
caused by hemorrhagic e.coli 1. Diahrrea (starts watery--> bloody) 2. travels to kidneys 3. thrombocytopenia= damages platelets 4. Anemia 5***BIG ONE IS KIDNEY DAMAGE!!***
What antibiotics can you use for hemolytic uremic syndrome?
NONE! IT WILL HELP THE TOXIN REPLICATE!!!!
How do you know its hemorrhagic e.coli (shigella/verotoxin) and not another e.coli?
no fever!
Enterotoxigenic e.coli
No cytoskeletal rearrangment.
Makes two heat stabile, and two heat labile toxins==> increased cAMP production===> watery diahhrea (travelers diahrrea)
secretory diahrreah
Enterotoxigenic e.coli is common in what countries?
Latin America> Africa> South Asia> SE Asia
Campylobacter is common?
in SE Asia
Enteroaggregative E. coli?
makes biofilm. It aggregates==»malabsorption diahrrea
Some cytotoxins, but main thing is the biofilm
Enteroinvasive e.coli
Shigella that looks like E.coli. Only e.coli that invades your cells.
Large intestine ones
Shigella (enteroinvasive) and enterohemmorragic
Can any e.coli survive crossign BBB?
Yes. E Coli K1= major cause of neonatal meningitis
Tell me about salmonella. What’s it look like?
Looks like E.coli.
What will they use to describe salmonella?
Ignore salmonella part, ignore subspecies part.
Salmonella enterica vs by serovars
Typch or paratyph?
ARE DIFFEERNT. They can invade shit and cause typhoid fever.
Typhoid fever
VERY HIGH FEVER. Weakness, stomach pain, headache. Rose rash. Transmitted by food/water contaminated by sewage. IE find it in places with bad sewage treatment
Typhoid fever prevalence by country
India, Pakistan, Bangledash= 2/3 of all salmonella typhi or paratyphi
If it can cause typhoid, what else can it do?
get in your blood= bacteremia.
Most common foods that cause Salmonella?
Eggs and poultry, according to core. But I guess it’s also in peanut butter!!!
Salmonella pathology
goes into brush border, down through basal membrane and enter macrophages. Then they live on and infect macrophages
What can it do once it has disseminated? (salmonella)
Produce toxins and increase cytokine and prostaglandin stuff. This is why you can have bloody/watery diahhrea with salmonella
Typhoid type
A1= like ptx
A2= hurts cells?
need mroe infor for this
Shigella
S. Sonnei more common in US, but opposite in other worldly areas
Shigella
chills in intestinal tract
watery diahrea==> bloody
Shigella
Invade M-cells, break phagosome wall and chills in cytoplasm. No MHC II presentation. Macrophage kills the cell (how silly) and then shigella escapse and enters basolateral tract and breaks down some cell-cell adhesion. WBC leak into lumen==WBC in feces.
4Fs. What are they? What are they in reference to?
Food, fingers, feces, flies. Shigella transmission. Mainly from gross kids that dont wash their hands and in places where the soil doesn’t freeze.
General Dose requirement for shigella?
Low= high/fast transmission. Doesn’t take a lot!
Shigella does something that listeria does too, what is it?
Actin polymerization
Yersinia
BIPOLAR staining. (middle area not filled)= safety pin staining.
Yersinia pestis
Bubonic plague!! Bubos form (balls of bacteria and pus) in inguinal regions...
What things can cause Bubos?
Yersenia pestis, tularemia, pasteurella
Hypertension, renal failure, and tachycardia=
BACTERIAL SEPSIS. KNOW THIS.
DIC and Hypertension cause?
kills extremitites (is it still called gangrene?)
Yersenia pestis transmission
fleas. They usually give it to animals. When animals start dying they move to humans. So I’m guessing that’s soemthing that would happen in the Zombie apocalypse.
Antibiotic for plague? for septisemia
Tetracycline (no symptoms yet) or strptomycin (has symptoms)
Klebsiellea pneumonia
?
Klebsiella granulomatis
STD. “red beefy genitial ulcer” “soft ulcer” not painful
syph also not painful, but its a HARD ulcer.
Most common infection in western world?
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
Proteus
can swarm–makes lots of flagella. Makes urease= alkaline urine and bladder stones
What cause bladder stones?
Alkaline urine<==myco plasma OR proteus
Antibiotic for proteus?
Ampicillin, cephalosporins, –see sheet
why don’t they use fluoroquinomafj (Sp?) for UTIs?
Make biofilsm worse (from something)
ALso, resistance.
UTI treatment- MOST COMMON?
BACTRAM
Most common prophylactic antibitioc
Rifaximin. Not effective against camplobacter
If you’re going to SE asia, what should you use? Why?
Azithromycin. for campylobacter–that’s what’s common there.
Know four most common bacteria enteropathogens
campulo, salmonella, e.coli, shigella? –CHECK THIS
What’s considered severe diahrea?
> 6/day
1 week
OR BLOOD
OR FEVER
Dyentery?
blood stool and gut cramping.
3 most common causes of
Staph, prestidiun prefinges, something else. sorry about spelling whiever sees this
PS_I might have used SHigella for shiga toxin
i will try to fix before anyone sees it.
