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Advanced Health Assessment > week 3 > Flashcards

week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what does it mean when the skin is taut?

A

tight skin that’s so tight you can’t pull it up.

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2
Q

what causes tenting of the skin?

A

dehydration

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3
Q

How do we grade edema on a four point scale?

A

1+ mild
2+ moderate
3+ pronounced
4+ severe or deep edema

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4
Q

how would you characterize lymphedema?

A

non-pitting
very rubbery tight

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5
Q

how would you characterize myxedema?

A

***consuquences of hypothyroidism

like touching the surface of agar in micro

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6
Q

what are lesions?

A

changes in normal skin structure

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7
Q

What are primary lesions?

A

develop on previously unaltered skin due to irritation or disease

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8
Q

what is an example of a primary lesion?

A

mole or vitiligo (Michael Jackson)

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9
Q

what is an example of a secondary lesion?

A

existing (primary) lesions that change overtime or develop because of scratching, abrasion, or infection

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10
Q

What would a primary lesion look like?

A

plaque, blisters, papules, pustules, macules, (most common example being a nevus or nevi), tumors

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11
Q

what is a nevus/nevi?

A

moles

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12
Q

what would a secondary lesion look like?

A

scars, ulcerations, fissures, abrasions, excoriations

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13
Q

what would a vascular lesion look like?

A

hamangiomas, arteriovenous malformations, lymphatic malformations, ecchymosis, petechiae, purpura, hematoma

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14
Q

what population is folliculitis usually found in?

A

homeless adults

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15
Q

what’s the clinical name for ringworm?

A

tines capitis

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16
Q

what characteristics define tines capitis?

A

anular lesion
circular
lighter in color

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17
Q

what is the name of the medication to treat lice?

A

permethrin

18
Q

what is the expected capillary refill time?

A

less than 3 seconds

19
Q

what are we looking for when we are palpating a nail?

A

thickness, regularity, and attachment to nail bed

20
Q

What may occur to the fingers with hypoxia?

A

CLUBBING OF THE FINGERS

21
Q

What are spoon shaped nails called?

A

Koilonychia

22
Q

What is koilonychia associated with?

A

associated with iron deficiency anemia

23
Q

What is onychomycosis?

A

fungal infection of the nail bed

24
Q

What is a sublingual hematoma?

A

bruising under the nail bed

25
Q

what is paronychia?

A

inflammation of the cuticle

26
Q

What is a hemangioma?

A

small red mole
does not blanch with pressure
bright red, raised lesion

27
Q

what causes a hamengioma?

A

cluster of immature capillaries

28
Q

what are some characteristics of a port-wine stain?

A
  1. flat irregularly shaped lesion
  2. ranges in color, deepens with exertion, extreme temps
  3. present at birth and typically does not fade
  4. Commonly on the face
29
Q

what causes a port wine stain?

A

flat mass of blood vessels on the skin surface

30
Q

What is petechiae?

A

small red dots randomly placed

31
Q

what is purpura?

A

large clustered red dots

32
Q

what is ecchymosis?

A

aka bruising

33
Q

what are some characteristics of ecchymosis?

A

flat, irregularly shaped,

Does not blanch with pressure

located on any sites with trauma

34
Q

What causes ecchymosis?

A

release of blood from superficial vessels into surrounding tissues

35
Q

what is the main thing we need to know about ecchymosis?

A

its a vascular lesion

36
Q

What is a hematoma?

A

raised and irregularly shaped like ecchymosis BUT ELEVATES the skin and appears swollen

37
Q

what causes a hematoma?

A

leakage of blood into skin and subcutaneous tissue; results from trauma or a surgical incision

38
Q

What are macules?

A

freckles and moles

39
Q

what are patches?

A

Mongolian spots, port-wine stains, vitiligo, and chloasma

40
Q
A

Advanced Health Assessment (2 decks)

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