week 3 Flashcards
what does it mean when the skin is taut?
tight skin that’s so tight you can’t pull it up.
what causes tenting of the skin?
dehydration
How do we grade edema on a four point scale?
1+ mild
2+ moderate
3+ pronounced
4+ severe or deep edema
how would you characterize lymphedema?
non-pitting
very rubbery tight
how would you characterize myxedema?
***consuquences of hypothyroidism
like touching the surface of agar in micro
what are lesions?
changes in normal skin structure
What are primary lesions?
develop on previously unaltered skin due to irritation or disease
what is an example of a primary lesion?
mole or vitiligo (Michael Jackson)
what is an example of a secondary lesion?
existing (primary) lesions that change overtime or develop because of scratching, abrasion, or infection
What would a primary lesion look like?
plaque, blisters, papules, pustules, macules, (most common example being a nevus or nevi), tumors
what is a nevus/nevi?
moles
what would a secondary lesion look like?
scars, ulcerations, fissures, abrasions, excoriations
what would a vascular lesion look like?
hamangiomas, arteriovenous malformations, lymphatic malformations, ecchymosis, petechiae, purpura, hematoma
what population is folliculitis usually found in?
homeless adults
what’s the clinical name for ringworm?
tines capitis
what characteristics define tines capitis?
anular lesion
circular
lighter in color
what is the name of the medication to treat lice?
permethrin
what is the expected capillary refill time?
less than 3 seconds
what are we looking for when we are palpating a nail?
thickness, regularity, and attachment to nail bed
What may occur to the fingers with hypoxia?
CLUBBING OF THE FINGERS
What are spoon shaped nails called?
Koilonychia
What is koilonychia associated with?
associated with iron deficiency anemia
What is onychomycosis?
fungal infection of the nail bed
What is a sublingual hematoma?
bruising under the nail bed
what is paronychia?
inflammation of the cuticle
What is a hemangioma?
small red mole
does not blanch with pressure
bright red, raised lesion
what causes a hamengioma?
cluster of immature capillaries
what are some characteristics of a port-wine stain?
- flat irregularly shaped lesion
- ranges in color, deepens with exertion, extreme temps
- present at birth and typically does not fade
- Commonly on the face
what causes a port wine stain?
flat mass of blood vessels on the skin surface
What is petechiae?
small red dots randomly placed
what is purpura?
large clustered red dots
what is ecchymosis?
aka bruising
what are some characteristics of ecchymosis?
flat, irregularly shaped,
Does not blanch with pressure
located on any sites with trauma
What causes ecchymosis?
release of blood from superficial vessels into surrounding tissues
what is the main thing we need to know about ecchymosis?
its a vascular lesion
What is a hematoma?
raised and irregularly shaped like ecchymosis BUT ELEVATES the skin and appears swollen
what causes a hematoma?
leakage of blood into skin and subcutaneous tissue; results from trauma or a surgical incision
What are macules?
freckles and moles
what are patches?
Mongolian spots, port-wine stains, vitiligo, and chloasma
