week 2- throat Flashcards

1
Q

throat conditions

A

acute pharyngitis, viral pharyngitis, bacterial pharyngitis, diptheria, tonsilitis, peritonsilar absess, arapharyngeal absess, retropharyngeal abscess, pharnyx infection, velopharyngeal insufficency, malignancies in pharynx

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2
Q

what type of pharyngitis is very common

A

viral, 90 percent of the time

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3
Q

what are two comon viral infectons that cause pharyngitis

A

adenovirus and epstin barr virus, mono)

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4
Q

adenovirus pharyngitis

A

throat is NOT red,no fever, painful, runny nose, modest node enlargment, 24-48 hour to get sore

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5
Q

Infectious mono

A

No fever, exudative tonsilitis, kissing tonsils, signifigant node swelling, splenomegaly, fatigue, weight loss,

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6
Q

what labs to detect mono?

A

CBC that show abnormal lymphocytes, and monospot

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7
Q

what is different between bacterial and viral pharygitis

A

bacterial onset is faster, fever, redder throat, and larger nodes

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8
Q

what is intersting about viral pharyngitis throat?

A

cobbelstoning

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9
Q

what does bacterial pharyngitis look like

A

beefy red, unilateral swelling, quick onset, high temp, headache,

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10
Q

what causes most bacterial pharyngitis?

A

Group A streptococus

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11
Q

what questions to determine GAS for bacterial pharyngitis?

A

Modified center criteria, absence of cough, tenter ant cervical, exudate gram stain culture.

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12
Q

what does rapid strep test do?

A

positive rules in strep, a negative doesn not rule out strep.

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13
Q

what is modified center criteria good for

A

terrible at ruling in, but good at ruling out strep.

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14
Q

what is dipthera caused by

A

corneybacterium mostly in other countries.

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15
Q

what does diptheria look like?

A

dirty grey speudomembrain, dyspenea, low fever, nausea and vomiting.

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16
Q

how is diptheria diagnosed?

A

gram stain.

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17
Q

what is complication of diptheria

A

myocarditis, NS toxicity

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18
Q

what is tonsilitis

A

acute inflammation of palatine tonsils

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19
Q

SSX of tonsilitis

A

sudden onset, hight fever, malise, vomiting, bad breath, enlarged tonsil, exudate

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20
Q

what causes tonsilitis

A

Bacterial, group A strep, viral, EBV , adenovirus

21
Q

what are complications of tonsilitis?

A

peritonsilar absess, tonsillotolithis, hypertrophy of tonsils

22
Q

what is peritonsilar absess?

A

absess between tonsil and pharyngeal constrictor muscle.

23
Q

complications of strep

A

Pandas pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with strep, Rheumatic fever, toxic shock, glomerulonephritis

24
Q

signs of peritonsilar absess?

A

worsening unilateral sorness that can be seen from INSIDE, fever, headache, high fever, limit mouth opeing

25
what is parapharyngeal absess
absess lateral to superior constrictor muscle and close to corodid
26
sign of parapharyngeal absess?
seen from OUTSIDE, swolen anterior triangle ofneck
27
what should we do if we see parapharyngeal absess
I don't know, its super serious, refer?
28
what should we do if we see a retropharyngeal abscess
refer to ER, medical emergency, including airway complcations.
29
whhat is retropharyngeal abscess
infection of deep space in neck., infection spreads from nose ,ears, sinus etc.
30
SSX or retropharyngeal abscess
pain, sore throat, pain on swallowing, jaw stiffness, lump in throat, chills, fever,
31
chronic irritatio nof pharynx causes what
cobbelstoning
32
what is velopharyngeal insufficiency?
incomplete closure of sphincter between oro an nasal pharyns, inpaired speech andeating.
33
what is the most common malignancy in the pharynx?
SCC
34
what does pharynx malignancy look like
mass in neck, pain by abnormal throat sticking, tumor is red smooth and can look similar to erythoplakia
35
what is hoarsness
structural changes to vocal cords that impair ability to vibrate.
36
why would child be horse
vocal abuse
37
laryngitis is what
hoarse voice or loss of voice because of vocal cord irritation.
38
what can cause laryngitis
infection, inflammation, coughing
39
what to do with epiglottitis
medical emergency, don?t examine
40
what is SSX of epiglottitis
fever, difficulty swallowing ,drooling, appers very ill and anxious.
41
who does epiglottitis mostly effect
2-5 yo
42
DXX for epiglottitis
group, peritonsilar abscess, retropharyngeal absess.
43
how would you know it was eppiglottitis not peritonsilar absess?
peritonsilar is after tonsilitis, rare in infants, droolin in eppi
44
how would you know it was epiglottitis not retropharangeal absess?
sore thhroat, jaw stiffness, for retropharangeal, still super serious!
45
vocal cord polyp
horseness, vocal abuse, allergies, irritants diagnosed by visualization and biopsy
46
what causes vocal cord contact ulcers
gastric reflux
47
what is the most common cancer in head and neck?
layrngeal scc
48
Lump in necks in kids?
tonsilitis, TB, brachial cysts
49
lump in adult necks
inflamatory or neoplastic nodules.