WEEK 2 - THERMOTHERAPY LEC Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the 4 mechanisms for Heat Transfer?
Conduction, Convection, Conversion, Radiation
What is Conduction? Kind of application does it represent? Examples?
- Heat is transferred by direct contact b/w subject and source
- Static Application
- Heat packs, paraffin bath, hot bath
What is Convection? Kind of application does it represent? Examples?
- Heat is transferred when particles such as air or water move across the body creating a temperature variation
- Dynamic Application
- Warm whirlpool, fluidotherapy (air type of source) [ not relevant in today’s world ]
What is Conversion? Kind of application does it represent? Examples? What kind of waves for each of the examples?
- Heat is transferred by a device that converts energy from one form to another
- none
- ultrasound (waves) , diathermy (microwaves)
What is Radiation? Kind of application does it represent? Examples?
- Heat is transferred through a conducting medium
- infrared lamps, laser
What is the temperature of specific heat for water?
4.19 J/g.C
What is the temperature of specific heat for air?
1.01 J/g.C
What is the temperature of specific heat for paraffin?
1.2 J/g.C
What are the units measured from Thermal conductivity?
Cal/sec OVER (cm^2 x .C/cm)
Based off of Thermal Conductivity, muscle is…
more significant conduct than fat
Based off of Thermal Conductivity, fat is…
good insulator
Rate of heat transfer equation:
area of contact x thermal conductivity x temp difference OVER tissue thickness
Which of the 4 Thermotherapy effects that vasodilation allow increased blood flow?
Hemodynamic Effect
Which type of muscle allows the direct reflex activation in allowing vasodilation when heat pack is applied onto the location?
Smooth muscle
In the hemodynamic effect, adding heat pad onto the patient would increase blood flow, which result bring in?
More O2 and nutrients to the site
The concept of metabolic effect, when INCREASING a local tissue temperature would….?
Increase the metabolic rate
Metabolism increases in ______ temperature for every 10.C increase?
13 %
What does hemoglobin release and how much does it release at 41.C compared to what temperature?
- Oxygen
- Twice
- 36.C
What theory is involve when heat decreases the intensity of the pain?
Gate Control Theory
With heat decreasing the intensity, which of the fibers is activated which BLOCKS these fibers called what?
- Activate the large, fast tactile fibers
- Blocks the smaller, slower pain-transmitting fibers
What are the two pathways that involve in the decrease of heat?
type 2 muscle spindle afferents AND gamma efferents
When heat decreases, what is going on with Type IB?
Increasing would fire Type IB
When heat decreases, what lead the cause the muscle to relax?
leads to reduction of alpha motor neuron firing causing muscle relaxation
What type of product involves in the change of soft tissue when it is heated?
Plastic
