Week 2 readings

Question 1

what parts of the body can be affected by a URI?

Answer 1

• Nasal Cavity
• Ethmoid/Frontal/Maxillary/Sphenoid sinus
• Pharynx/Larynx/Trachea

Question 2

What causes breathlessness?

Answer 2

Pain  
Exercise
Obesity 
Genetics
Smoking 
Allergies

Question 3

Define Pneumonia:

Answer 3

Inflammation of the lung parenchyma, caused by invasion of various micro-organisms.
Characterised by fluid/pus filled alveolar
Signs & Symptoms:
- Fever, Phlegmy Cough, Chest pain, Dyspnoea

Question 4

Define Emphysema:

Answer 4

Chronic Pulmonary disease characterised by destruction of the inner wall of the alveoli.
This creates a smaller surface area in the lungs, reducing the amount of O2 perfusion.

Question 5

Define Dyspnoea:

Answer 5

Difficulty Breathing / shortness of breath

Question 6

Define Respiratory Failure:

Answer 6

deterioration of gas exchange function, indicating failure to provide adequate oxygenation/ventilation for the blood.

Question 7

Define Asthma:

Answer 7

Chronic Inflammatory disease of the airway.

Bronchi Becomes Hyper responsive to Allergens. causing bronchoconstriction and oedema.

Question 8

What is a Pulmonary Embolism?

Answer 8

Obstruction of the pulmonary artery/arteriole by a thrombus that originated from the venous system or from the right side of the heart.

Question 9

Define Bronchitis:

Answer 9

Inflammation of the Bronchi in the lungs

Question 10

What is Cystic Fibrosis?

Answer 10

Autosomal recessive disorder- (2 copies of an abnormal (CF) gene to develop)
- Characterised by excessive thick/sticky mucous secretions, clogging alveoli and trapping bacteria.

Question 11

Define COPD:

Answer 11

A group of lung diseases that progressively limits air flow to the lungs and is not completely reversible.(emphysema, chronic bronchitis)

Question 12

Define Bronchiectasis:

Answer 12

Chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi/bronchioles.