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Computer Programming > Week 2 PRELIMS > Flashcards

Week 2 PRELIMS Flashcards

1
Q

It is a standardized communication technique for expressing instructions to a computer.

A

Programming Language

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2
Q

It is a low-level code that relies on a strong relationship between the instructions input using the coding language and how a machine interprets the code instructions

A

Assembly Language

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3
Q

It uses a more natural and human-readable syntax which makes it easier for humans to understand and write.

A

High Level Programming Language

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4
Q

It stands as a highly abstracted language designed to simplify computer programming.

A

High Level Programming Language

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5
Q

user writes code which is almost identical to the one computers understand.

A

Low Level Programming Language

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6
Q

It is a programming language that provides little or no abstraction from a computer’s instruction set architecture; commands or functions in the language are structurally similar to a processor’s instructions. Generally, this refers to either machine code or assembly language

A

Low Level Programming Language

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7
Q

It is a general-purpose programming language.

A

C++

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8
Q

When was C++ invented?

A

early 1980s

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9
Q

Who invented C++?

A

Bjarne Stroustrup

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10
Q

Where did Bjarne Stroustrup invented C++?

A

Bell Labs

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11
Q

This programming language is case - sensitive

A

C++

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12
Q

It is an extension of the C programming language, or “C with Classes”.

A

C++

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13
Q

The language has expanded significantly over time, and it now has object-oriented, generic, and functional features in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation.

A

C++

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14
Q

It is one of the world’s most popular programming languages.

A

C++

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15
Q

It is an object-oriented programming language which gives a clear structure to programs and allows code to be reused, lowering development costs.

A

C++

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16
Q

2 Categories of Programming Language

A

High Level Programming Language
Low Level Programming Language

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17
Q

2 Kinds of software that you need to start C++

A

Text Editor
C++ Compiler

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18
Q

It is portable and can be used to develop applications that can be adapted to multiple platforms.

A

Text Editor

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19
Q

They are used to compile your source code and translate it into a machine code, a code that a computer can actually understand.

A

C++ Compiler

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20
Q

It stands for standard input-output stream.

A

<iostream>
</iostream>

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21
Q

It contains everything we needed for handling input and output.

A

<iostream>
</iostream>

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22
Q

Is an object-oriented library that provides input and output functionality using streams.

A

<iostream>
</iostream>

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23
Q

It is a sequence of bytes.

A

A stream

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24
Q

It is a short form of standard.

A

std

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25
Q

It tells the compiler to use the standard namespace.

A

using namespace std;

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26
Q

It is used to organize code into logical groups.

A

Namespace

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27
Q

It contains the built-in classes and declared functions.

A

std namespace

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28
Q

It is the main function where program execution begins.

A

int main ()

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29
Q

defines the entry or the starting point of the C/C++ program code.

A

int main ()

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30
Q

is a keyword that tells us about the integer data type

A

int main ()

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31
Q

So when one runs the file on their local computer, the operating system executes the ______________.

A

main () function

32
Q

terminates main( )function and causes it to return the value 0 to the calling process.

A

return 0;

33
Q

a zero return is success and one or non-zero is failure or error

A

return 0;

34
Q

is a command used in programming, especially in languages like C or C++, to indicate that a program or a function has completed its execution successfully.

A

return 0;

35
Q

indicate the beginning and end of a function, which can also be called the function’s body.

A

Curly Brackets {}

36
Q

The information inside of it indicates what the function does when executed.

A

Curly Brackets {}

37
Q

is the stream object used to access it.

A

cout

38
Q

is used in combination with the insertion operator.

A

cout

39
Q

It enable the user to input a value, use _____ in combination with the extraction operator (»). The variable containing the extracted data follows the operator.

A

cin

40
Q

It is to insert the data that comes after it into the stream that comes before.

A

Insertion operator («)

41
Q

It is the easiest way to get bytes from an input stream object.

A

the extraction operator (»)

42
Q

is used to terminate a statement.

A

semicolon (;)

43
Q

Each statement must end with this.

A

semicolon (;)

44
Q

It indicates the end of one logical expression

A

semicolon (;)

45
Q

What alternative can we use with endl?

A

\n

46
Q

One way to print two lines is to use the ________ manipulator, which will put in a line break.

A

endl or \n

47
Q

It moves down to a new line to print the second text.

A

endl or \n

48
Q

It ensures that all the text you’ve sent to cout so far is actually displayed on the screen immediately.

A

endl or \n

49
Q

is a set of logically connected statements, surrounded by opening and closing curly braces.

A

A block

50
Q

Provides tools for writing source code.

A

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

51
Q

Compiles source code into the final executable program.

A

Compilers

52
Q

Think of it as a waiting area where data sits before it’s shown on the screen or written to a file. It’s like a bucket that collects water before pouring it out.

A

Buffer

53
Q

Its like dumping the bucket to empty it completely.

A

Flush

54
Q

Why are buffer used?

A

They help programs run faster by gathering data and writing it all at once, instead of doing it piece by piece.

55
Q

This means forcing the data that’s sitting in the buffer to be displayed or written out immediately.

A

Flushing the Buffer

56
Q

It is called an escape character and indicates a “special” character

A

backslash \

57
Q

Using this is like dumping the bucket right after you add water, while using \n is like waiting until the bucket is full before emptying it.

A

std::endl

58
Q

are explanatory statements that you can include in the C++ code to explain what the code is doing.

A

Comments

59
Q

The compiler ignores everything that appears in the __________, so none of that information shows in the result.

A

Comments

60
Q

It can be written anywhere, and can be repeated any number of times throughout the code.

A

Comments

61
Q

Within a comment marked with /* and */, // characters have no special meaning, and vice versa. This allows you to “nest” one comment type within the other.

A

Comments

62
Q

Comments that require multiple lines begin with /* and end with */. You can place them on the same line or insert one or more lines between them.

A

Multi-Line Comments

63
Q

are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values.

A

Variables

64
Q

are like containers that hold data, such as numbers or text, so your program can use and manipulate that data.

A

Variables

65
Q

Before using a variable, you need to ___________ it, which means telling the program what kind of data it will hold. (int age;)

A

Declaring a Variable

66
Q

After declaring a variable, you can store a value in it: (age = 25;)

A

Assigning a Value

67
Q

You can also declare and assign a value in one line: (int age = 25;)

A

Declaring and Assigning in One Step:

68
Q

Once you have a variable, you can use it in your program: (int age = 25; cout &laquo_space;“Your age is “ &laquo_space;age &laquo_space;endl;)

A

Using Variables:

69
Q

You can change the value of a variable whenever you need to: (age = 30;)

A

Changing Values

70
Q

Variables can hold different types of data.
Some common ones are:

A

int or integer: For whole numbers (e.g., int age = 25;)
float or double: For decimal numbers (e.g., double price = 9.99;)
char: For single characters (e.g., char grade = ‘A’;)
string: For text (e.g., string name = “Alice”;)

71
Q

For whole numbers (e.g., int age = 25;)

A

int or integer

72
Q

For decimal numbers

A

float or double

73
Q

For single characters

A

char

74
Q

It used for text

A

string

75
Q

It is a built-in type that represents a whole number value.

A

Integer

76
Q

is a name for a variable, function, class, module, or any other user-defined item.

A

Identifier

77
Q

An ____________ starts with a letter (A-Z or a-z) or an underscore (_), followed by additional letters, underscores, and digits (0 to 9).

A

Identifier

Computer Programming (5 decks)

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