Week 2 Pre Reading Terms And Useful Stuff Flashcards
Medication
Substance used in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, or cure of health alterations
Pharmacokinetics
Study of how medications enter, affect, and exit the body
Types of medication names
Chemical, brand, generic
DIN
Drug identification number
8 digits
Medication classification
Indicated effect of the medication on a Body system
Controlled substances of drugs
Medications that affect the mind or behaviour like opioids
Opioids
Natural or sythentc chemicals that reduce pain by interacting with nerve cell opioid receptors
High alert medications
Meds that have increased risk of harm if used inappropriately
Eg. epinephrine, anaesthetics
Safe use strategies for high alert meds
Standardized process for prescribing, storage, prep, and administeration
Limited access
Using alerts and bright labels
Absorption
Passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of administration
Absorption is affected by:
Route, ability to dissolve, blood flow, body surface area, solubility
Biotransformation
When enzymes detoxify, degrade, and remove an active substance or drug
Basically metabolize
Done by liver mainly, but also lungs, kidneys, blood and intestines
Therapeutic effect
Expected physiological response that a medication causes
A medication is perscribed due to its
Therapeutic affect
Adverse effect
Injurious, serious, negative response to meds
Toxicity
Develops after prolonged intake of a medication or accumulation of medication in the blood.
Anaphylactic reactions
Severe reactions that are life threatening and are characterized by constriction f bronchial muscles, edema of pharynx/larynx, shortness of breath, and circulatory collapse
Synergistic effect
When the combined affect of two meds is greater than them both separately
Precipitation reaction
Causes visible cloudiness or crystals if contact occurs within IV tubing
Therapeutic concentration
Constant steady state of a beneficial level of medication
Peak concentration
When the rate of absorption equals the rebate of elimination
Serum half life
Time it takes for the serum medication concentration to be eliminated by half
Functional status
Capacity and safe performance of ADLs
Indicator of health or illness
Polypharmacy
The concurrent use of many medications
Increases risk for adverse reactions
Distribution
Distribution of medication throughout the body tissues to a site of action
React and extent depends on medication properties and the person taking the meds
Metabolism
After a medication reaches its site of action, it metabolizes into a less active or inactive form that is more easily eliminated
Elimination
Exit of the metabolized medication throughout the kidneys, liver, bowels, lungs, or exocrine glands.
Chemical makeup of drug determines exit route
4 phases of pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination
Medication standards - purity
Standard quality of drug in a medication product
Medication standards - potency
Concentration of drug in a medication effects its strength
Medication standards - bioavailability
Ability of the drug to be released, dissolved, absorbed, and transported by the body to the site of action
Medication standards - efficacy
Lab studies demonstrating medication action and effectiveness
Medication standards - safety
All meds need to be continually evaluated to determine risks
