Week 2 - Phylum Porifera (Sponges) and Phylum Cnidaria Flashcards
What are three major types of cells in sponges?
Choanocytes, pinacocytes, amoebocytes
What is the sycon-type of body organization in sponges?
have multiple dermal pores
through which water enters the body
What is the functional role of the sponge mesohyl?
Act as a endoskeleton - aiding to maintain tubular shape
What are two functions of sponge spicules
Provide structural support an protect the sponge from predators
How are sponge spicules formed?
Cells called sclerocytes - secrete materials - the make up of spicules.
How do sponge choanocytes work?
Their flagella beat to create the active pumping of water through the sponge.
What is the process of fission in sponges?
Asexual reproduction in sponges - part of sponge breaks off - called fragmentation - that will grow into a new sponge
What is the role of gemmules in sponges?
Involved in asexual reproduction.
Help sponges survive unfavourable conditions.
How does a harp sponge feed?
By capturing tiny animals that are swept into its branches by currents.
What are two major types of cells in cnidarian?
Cnidocytes and epitheoliomuscular cells
How does a cnidocyte work?
Fires a structure that contains a toxin within the cnidocyst - responsible for the stings
What is the gastrodermis? and what does it do?
inner layer of cells - that line the gastrovascular cavity
Processes - digestion, respiration and excretion
What is a polymorphic coral colony?
A coral colony with multiple types of polyps
What sequence of changes occur in the reproductory cycle of a jellyfish?
Medusa (adult stage) → Gametes released (fertilization in water) → Zygote → Blastula → Planula larva → Settlement and polyp formation → Budding and strobilation → Ephyrae released → Mature medusa.
What is a cnidocil?
Process of a nematocyst that when touched - causes a projection of a stinging thread
