Week 2 Notes Flashcards
Information systems vs Information Technology
What is an Information System?
Information system incorporates the tech, people, and processes involved with information.
The purpose is to get the right
information to the right people, at
the right time, in the right
amount, and in the right format.
Why is Information Technology important?
To be able to compete, with the radical transformation in the Technology industry organizations must use IT.
Why are Information Systems important?
Info systems are important due to the radical transformation by Info Tech. Having a body of people analyzing and implementing various steps in the companies Information system keeps the company in competition with competitors.
Why study Information Systems?
- To be able to recommend and help select IT applications.
- To be aware of new Technology.
- To understand how to IT improves performance.
What is Digital Transformation?
The use of IT-based strategies to dramatically improve employee, customer, and business relations and experiences. It is important to support continuous improvement in the business.
Why is it difficult to manage Information systems?
- Information systems (ISs) are costly to acquire, operate, and maintain.
- The evolution of the MIS function within the organization.
- Sharing responsibilities between MIS personnel and end-users.
Traditional Function of Managing Information System Department.
- Managing systems development and systems project management.
- Infrastructure planning, development, and control.
- Providing Technical Services.
- Staffing, Training, and developing IS skills.
New Function of Managing Information System Department.
- Initiating and designing specific Strategies.
- Educating non-MIS staff about IT.
- Managing Outsourcing.
- Using business and Technical knowledge to seed innovation in IT ideas.
Wisdom, Knowledge, Information and Data Pyramid and the definition for each step
Wisdom is the ability to make well-informed decisions and take effective actions
Knowledge results from analyzing and interpreting information to uncover patterns, trends, and relationships.
Information is organized structured and contextualized data.
Data is raw unprocessed fax and figures without context.
Basic components of computer-based IS are:
- Hardware
- Software
- Database
- Network
What are Enterprise Resource Planning systems?
ERP systems integrate the functional area Information systems via a common database.
Example: Oracle
What are Transaction Processing Systems?
TPS supports monitoring, collecting, storing, and processing data from the organization’s basic business transactions.
( Processes transaction data from a terminal )
Example: Checkout Point-of-Sale system
Functional area IS
Supports the activities within a specific functional area.
Example: System for processing payroll
Decision Support System
Provides access to data and analysis tools
Example: “ What-if” analysis of changes in budget
Expert system
Mimics human expert in a particular area and makes decisions
Example: Credit card approval analysis
Dashboards
Present structured, summarized information about aspects of business important to executives.
Example: Status of sales by Product
Supply chain management system
Manages flows of products, services and information among organizations
Electronic Commerce System
Enables transactions among organizations and between organization and customers.
Example: www.dell.com
Types of Organizational Information Systems
- Transaction Processing system
- Enterprise Resource Planning
- Functional areas IS
- Decision Support system
- Expert system
- Dashboard
- Supply chain management system
- Electronic commerce system
How does Information technology positively impact Human Resources?
- Creates new job categories.
- Increased ability to supervise employees and teams who are geographically dispersed.
- Provides opportunities for people with disabilities.
- Increase managers’ productivity. It also increases the number of employees they are able to oversee.
How does Information technology negatively impact Human Resources?
- Automatization creates concerns about job security.
- Impacts physical and mental health. (i.e. long-term use of monitors may strain eyes.)
Importance of Information Systems to Society
- Individuals can work from the comfort of their homes reducing transportation costs. It also allows companies to hire more individuals without worrying about spacing.
- Reduced errors and increased response speeds on services Robots, drones, etc.)
- AI
