week 2 lecture Flashcards
what does TCP/IP stand for?
Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
what is a network?
two or more computers connected with a medium for the purpose of sharing resources
what is a network protocol?
an internationally accepted set of rules for connecting computers to the internet and most other networks
what is TCP/IP?
a protocol suite that encapsulates a number of different protocols for different network communication tasks
what are the 5 layers of TCP/IP?
- Application ———–
- Transport (software)
- Internet ———–
- Network interface ———-
- Physical (hardware)
———-
what is the application layer?
-programs talk to the application layer
- programs will use different application protocols depending on the required task
-sends data -> transport layer
- receives data <- transport layer
what are the application protocols?
-FTP
-SMTP
-DNS
-HTTP
-SSH
what is the role of the transport layer?
coordinates the delivery of data from one location to another on the network
how does the transport layer send data?
-breaks the message up into packets
-add correction info
how does the transport layer receive data?
-reassemble packets into the original message
-carries out error checking
-identifies proper application to deliver message to
what protocols are used in the transport layer?
-TCP
-UDP
what is the role of the internet layer
-implementation the rules of internet addressing
- adds addresses to packets
-routers implement internet layer
- select the next-hop host and transmit packet by passing to Network interface Layer
-pass packets to appropriate transport layer protocol
what is the role of the network interface Layer?
-defined by the type of physical network the device is connected to (Ethernet)
-receiving: delivers to appropriate internet layer protocol
-sending: specifies internet layer protocol
- assembles final frame that will be sent over network
What is the physical layer?
-consists of cables or other connection media
-deals with data as bits travelling across a network medium
- convert packets to electricity or electromagnetic waves
what is internet protocol?
-contains addressing information that enables packet to be routed
- 2 basic functions are addressing and fragmentation
what is ICMP?
Internet Control Message protocol
used to generate IP error messages
what is TCP?
Transmission Control Protocol
connection- oriented protocol
What is UDP?
User Datagram Protocol
connectionless protocol
what is an IP address
a unique number that identifies a computer or device on a TCP/IP network
what is a static IP?
manually assigned IP by user
what is a dynamic IP?
assigned when a computer connects to a network by DHCP
what is DHCP?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
what are the 2 parts of an IP address?
- network ID
- host ID
what is a network switch?
connects devices on a computer network and allows for communication between these devices
