Week 2 Industry Flashcards
Output
Stocking Rate x Performance Targets x Quality
Irish Beef Exports 2023
UK:
Rest of EU
When do suckler cows calve?
70% calve in spring January to May
What is a pastoral system?
Following the growth of grass the core of the diet is natural grass and preserved hay and silage
What is the prevalence of grass in the diet?
60-80%
How much do specialist beef farms spend on agri inputs each year including both direct and overhead costs?
€1.6 billion
How many tonnes of beef is processed annually in Ireland?
588,000
What are the number of cattle exported live out of Ireland?
190,000
What are the number of cattle imports into Ireland?
11,490
How much beef do Irish consumers eat per year?
18.6kg of beef per capita/year
Irish beef exports grew by what in 2017?
Grew by 5% and reached €2.5 billion
How many tonnes of meat does Ireland export to UK?
272,000 tonnes
How many people does the Irish meat processing sector employs in 2014?
13,000 people
% Irish beef to retail
45%
% beef to food service
30%
% beef to further processing
25%
In 2018 how many farmers were cattle rearing part time?
7,050
In 2018 how many farmers were cattle rearing full time?
21,100
In 2018 how many farmers were part time in cattle other?
11,029
In 2018 how many farmers were full time in cattle other?
30,671
What was the gross margin in cattle other in 2020?
€890/ha
What was the gross margin in cattle other in 2020?
€32,756
What % beef farms are economically viable?
20%
What % beef farmers are sustainable?
40%
What does it mean to be economically viable?
If FFI is sufficient to remunerate family labour at the minimum wage, €19,600 per labour unit.
What does it mean to be sustainable?
if the farm business is unviable, provided the farmer or spouse are in receipt of an off-farm income
Direct payments on cattle rearing from 2011-2017 per farm?
€11,500 and €11,400/ha
Beef sector is heavily dependent on direct payments, what % of direct payments account for average FFI on
1) Cattle rearing
2) Cattle other
158% cattle rearing
111% cattle other
For each 10% cut in direct payments in the absence of an increase in prices or fall in costs FFI will decline by what on cattle farms?
FFI decrease by 14% due to each 10% cut in DP
What has the DP/premiums per ha fallen by for 2008-2018 in the top 1/3rd of Teagasc profit monitor farms for sucklers?
€645 to €489 a reduction of €156 per ha or 24%
What was the reduction om DP/ premiums per ha for non-breeding or fattening ?
Fallen from €842 to €425/ ha a reduction of €374 per ha or 45%
Why is income for beef producers important?
Vital to sustain a vibrant rural community - heart beat of the rural economy
Beef sector output multiplier to support rural economies
2.11
Direct payment multiplier to support rural economies
> 4
Employment multiplier to support rural economies
16.2
Beef farms contribute what to the Irish Economy?
Wider societal sustainability, biodiversity, natural landscape and contracting a rural community
How many low volume slaughterhouses supervised by the local authority veterinary service?
220
What fraction of the major facilities are members of the meat industry Ireland?
3/4
Who are the big beef processors controlling 60% of the kill?
Dawn meats, ABP, Kepak
What processors control 25% of the market?
Liffey meats, slangy, Dunbia and Donegal
What % of total meat production does MMI process?
85% of total beef production processed
Meat processing accounts for what % of the export market?
90%
Where remaining 10% comes from?
17 EU approved abattoirs not members of the IMA
What % supplied to home market in Ireland?
20-25% (87,000 tonnes)
What doe some market account for of processors total throughput?
3%
IMA export approved abattoirs supply what?
45% and domestic abattoirs 32%
What is overcapacity?
Undermining competitiveness and profitability
What is the national capacity utilisation?
60%
What is the impact of this extra capacity to increases costs by?
12-15% increase increases in costs impacted by extra capacity
What is the weekly cattle availability ranges?
25,000 to 38,000
How many additional weekly cattle in 2018?
+3.5% increase
55,000 additional cattle weekly
Wha % grass accounts for feed consumed DMI?
> 80%
How many export approved abattoirs supervised by the DAFM?
32
How many cattle slaughtered per year?
1.6-1.7 million head/year
What country is the largest net exporter in the northern hemisphere?
Ireland
How many tonnes of beef does Ireland produce annually?
560,000-580,000
How many tonnes of beef does the US produce annually?
12 million tonnes
How many tonnes of beed does Brazil produce anually?
10 million tonnes
What % of world beef production is traded?
only 12%
How many tonnes traded annually from Ireland?
9 million tonnes
World total beef production ?
69 million tonnes
What year was the WTO: world trade organisation created?
1995
How many cattle exported live and at what value?
190,000-200,000 at €205 million
Slogan for beef industry in Ireland?
A €3 billion industry and a €1 billion challenge
What is growth driven by?
Value not output
What increase in beef prices in the last
1) 5 years
2) 10 years
1) +33%
2) +70%
Irish R3 steer prices
+ 70% in last 10 years 240c/kg to 410c/kg
What was the revenue increase in the last 5 years?
€550m
What was the increase/head in beef price?
€350/head
What is Irelands self sufficiency?
700% - have to export
Two forms of beef output?
1) Beef carcass
2) Live cattle exports - 190,000/yr
What is the 2 components of live trade?
1) Finished animals exported live and processed in the UK
2) Young calves/weanlings 15-18 months left to finished shipped to continent farmed to maturity and sold to the domestic processing industry
How many months left to finish young/calves and weanlings that are shipped to continental Europe?
15-18 months
Live cattle exports 2016-2018 higher by what?
31% higher at 246,000 head
Live calf exports 2016-2018 higher by what?
55% higher at 158,000 head
Live weaning and stores exports 2016-2018 higher by what?
8% higher at 64,000 head
Live adult cattle exports 2016-2018 decreased by what?
11% decrease to 24,000 head
Where new weanlings exported to?
Italy 63%
Morocco 100%
Where are stores exported to ?
Italy 26%
UK 22%
Where are calves mainly exported to?
80% calves to Spain and 100% to Netherlands and Belgium
Where are finished cattle exported to?
UK
What country is Irelands strongest market for calved?
Spain
Where are French weanlings dominant?
Italy
Northern Ireland have a demand for what?
Store and adult cattle remain firm in 2022
Numbers to Northern Ireland increased in late 2022 in response to tightening cattle supplies
Live exports main markets?
Netherlands, Spain, Italy, Turkey and France
What caused an effect on the market in France?
Bluetongue
What year had the largest kill?
2018 1.80 million head largest kill since 2007
What was the kill in 2023?
1.77 million head
-3 to 4% <50-60,000
What was the kill in 2022?
1.82 million head
What was the increase in Irish finished prime cattle prices in 2021 vs 2020?
12%
Irish finished cattle prices increased by what in 2021 vs 2020?
20% increase
What was the Irish R3 steer price in 2022?
81 cents/kg or 21% EU prices positive uplift of 29%
R3 steer price in 2020 EU average?
350 per 100 kg dw
Ireland produces enough beef to feed how many people with a population of 4 million?
Produce enough beef to feed 30 million people
What % of Irish beef exported to the UK from Ireland?
47% at 265,000 tonnes
What % Irish beef exported to Europe?
45% 250,000 tonnes
How many tonnes of Irish beef exported to the UK?
265,000 tonnes
How many tonnes of Irish beef exported to the EU?
250,000 tonnes
What % of Irish beef exported to the international market?
8%
How many tonnes of Irish beef exported to the International Market?
45,000 tonnes
Main EU countries for export of Irish beef in descending order?
France - 60,000 T
Netherlands - 41,000 T
Italy - 30,000 T
Sweden - 25,000 T
What affect had coronavirus on meat and livestock sectors?
Demand disrupted across major export markets by the closure of restaurants, hotels and bars
What % of total volume of Irish beef exported sold into foodservice and manufacturing channels?
60%
In third market countries what % Irish beef exported into foodservice?
82%
In continental EU what % of Irish beef exported into
1) Retail
2)Foodservice
3) Manufacturing
1) 39%
2) 34%
3) 27%
In the UK what % of Irish beef exported into?
1) Retail
2)Foodservice
3) Manufacturing
1) 46%
2) 22%
3) 32%
What are the EU markets for iRISH BEEF EXPORTS?
France, Netherlands, Italy, Sweden, Germany and Denmark
What are the international markets for Irish Beef Exports?
Philippines, Honk Kong, Ghana, Israel, Saudi, Arabia, Vietnam, Singapore, Thailand, USA and China
When did the US market open up to Irish beef exports after a 15 year ban caused by BSE crisis?
2015
Why was there a 15 year ban in the US market?
BSE crisis
What as the first EU country granted access to the US market after the 15 year ban?
Ireland
When did China open its market to Irish Beef?
2018
Why will the consumption of high quality Irish beef increase in China?
Urbanisation, health trends and higher disposable income
What % of Irish output is fresh beef supplied to retail, food services and manufacturing in Ireland and across the EU?
90%
12 years ago, what was the majority of beef produced by beef processing industry?
Lower value frozen product
What % of worlds water does agriculture use?
70%
Ruminants have the capacity to use biomass not used by monogastric animals/ humans
6 billion tonnes of dry matter
What is sustainable production?
Carbon efficient
High animal welfare standards
Low antimicrobial usage
Land use - food, feed and fuel
Support rural economies and maintain the countryside
What is Irelands carbon footprint in comparison to other countries in the EU?
Fifth lowest carbon footprint of beef in the EU
Grassland based in a temperate climate produce what kg of co2?
30 kg CO2 eq kg CW
Irelands carbon footprint vs Brazil
Irelands carbon footprint is almost one quarter of the Brazilian footprint
2030 carbon budget range is what?
16-18 MT CO2 eq q
NUE across EU, what countries livestock production was the most nitrogen efficient?
Ireland
What was Irelands NUE in 2015
47kg
What was Germanys NUE in 2015
82kg
What was the UK NUE in 2015
83kg
Nitrogen balance is more favourable for?
Suckler cattle then dairy, mixed livestock and non suckler cattle
What was the average nitrogen balance for suckler farms?
31.8kg.ha
What was the average nitrogen balance for non suckler farms?
50kg/ha
What was the average nitrogen balance for dairy farms?
150kg/ha
How does carbon leakage occur?
If Ireland reduces the production of beef to meet international policy commitments but less carbon-efficient countries increase beef production to satisfy international demand
Irelands water stress index is?
0
What country had the highest water stress index?
Australia - 46%
Netherlands and Argentina 24%
US 21%
What % of consumers globally have made an effort to buy more sustainable produced food and drink in the last year?
75%
What % of consumers say sustainable production of food ad drink is important or essential when grocery shopping?
43%
What is the aim pf the origin green programme
Aim in reducing energy inputs. minimising overall carbon footprint and lessening the impact on the environment in order to increase efficiency and competitiveness
What are the KPI
GHG emissions and farm financial performance
Feedback and advice origin green and Bird Bia
Carbon footprint, manure management and daily live weight gain
What % of animal welfare influences consumers in purchasing food products?
33%
What % in animal welfare affects the consumer’s willingness to pay a premium for the product?
43%
Animal welfare assesses and verifies the following:
Calf welfare, disbudding, castration, weaning, housing and transport
What is the AMU usage on Irish farms?
7mg/pcu
What is the global estimate of AMU use?
45mg/kg
What % of consumers in Ireland are vegetarians?
6%
Cattle are up cyclers what does this mean?
They upgrading plant protein into higher quality protein for people
Efficiency of human edible food - beef cattle
Energy 21-43%
Protein 30-60%
Why is the EU most efficient for beef production?
Low production of greenhouse gases
Medium term rise in EU output by what in 2017 and 2018?
3%% rise in 2017 an d 1.8% rise in 2018- after 2018 production remain stable some easing to 7.45 million tonnes
EU 27- What did the EU suckler herd increase towards in 2017?
12.4 million heads
What EU countries have the largest herds by increasing their heads?
Spain -41,000
UK -19,000
France- 14,000
France suckler herd
4.1 million
UK suckler herd
1.5 million
Spain suckler herd
1.9 million
Ireland suckler herd
1.05 million
2023 total production?
6,745 tonnes
1% decline
