Week 2 grammer

Question 1

Relative attraction

Answer 1

when the relative pronoun in the acc is ‘attracted to’ the gen/dat antecedent, and changes its original form to match.

χρωμαι ταις βιβλοις ας εχω
[goes to]
χρωμαι ταις βιβλοις αις εχω

Question 2

The antecedent is missed out

Answer 2

ον οἱ θεοι φιλουσιν ἀποθνησκει νεος
He whom the gods love dies young.

‘ον’ referring to an antecedent ‘He’ which has been left out.

Question 3

antecedent and relative pronoun combine

Answer 3

antecedent (τουτων) is left out, but its relative pronoun is attracted to the antec. case.

ἐρωτησω τον στρατιωην περι τουτων α επαξεν
‘τουτων α’ = ων
ἐρωτησω τον στρατιωην περι ων επαξεν
I will ask the soldier about the things he did.

this is the norm where the antece would be a demonstrative pronoun.

Question 4

antece into the relative clause

Answer 4

ἡ κωμη προς ην αφικοντο

Question 5

the relative in apposition

Answer 5

ουτος εσωσε την πολιν, ὁ αει θαυμαζεται
this man saved the city, (a thing) which is always admired

‘ὁ’ (neuter nom.) refers back to the whole main clause rather than one word (like quod, refering back to a previous statement)

Question 6

verbal noun/articular infinitive/gerund is the way of making a verb into a noun.

Answer 6

neuter article in front an infinitive.

Any infinitive can be used this way, tense by aspect.

the infinitive part does not decline, however its article will.

Question 7

gerund in acc.

Answer 7

δια το νενικησθαι
on account of having been conquered.

Question 8

gerund in gen.

Answer 8

ἡ του γραφειν τεχνη
the art of writing

Question 9

gerund + prep.

Answer 9

ἀντι του ἰεναι
instead of going

Question 10

gerund + dat.

Answer 10

τω σοφως λεγειν
by speaking wisely (instru. dat)

Question 11

gerund with a subject