Week 2 - Evolutionary

Question 1

What is creationism?

Answer 1

The belief that God had created different species as they appear today and that each species was immutable, with unchangeable and fixed characteristics

Question 2

What is Darwins evolutionary theory?

Answer 2

Proposes that species can change over time and that new species come from pre-existing species

Question 3

Can environmental pressures threaten the survival of species?

Answer 3

Yes it can.

Question 4

What are examples of environmental pressures that can threaten the survival of species?

Answer 4

New predators - difficulty accessing resources
Climate/Environmental changes - limit the availability of resources

Question 5

What is natural selection?

Answer 5

A process where organisms evolve and adapt to the environment by means of selective reproduction

Question 6

Is natural selection random?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Will the genetic makeup of the next generation be the same?

Answer 7

No, it will be different because only the best genes will be passed on to the next generation

Question 8

T/F. Evaluation is an adaptation to the environment.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Is evaluation a force that pushes species towards increasing levels of complexity and refinement?

Answer 9

No it is not

Question 10

What does ‘atavistics’ mean?

Answer 10

Recurrence in an organism of a trait or character typical of an ancestral form and usually due to genetic e.g pointed canine teeth to tear things apart

Question 11

What is Cesare Lombroso’s Theory?

Answer 11

Draws on the idea that criminals are a subspecies ‘homo delinquents’ who had failed to become civilised like homosapiens which explains criminal behaviour

Question 12

Who introduced the idea of ‘Hereditary units’ - which is now known as genes?

Answer 12

Gregor Mendel

Question 13

T/F. Genes contain the genetic code to make the trait we see in people e.g eye colour, skin colour ect

Answer 13

True

Question 14

How many strands of DNA does one cell contain?

Answer 14

46

Question 15

One single stands is made up of millions of…

Answer 15

Nucleotides

Question 16

Nucleotides come in 4 different types and these are known as?

Answer 16

A, C, T, G

Question 17

Offspring are not made up of replicas of the gene passed on from their parents. T/F

Answer 17

False the are made up of replicas

Question 18

Do species carry their evolutionary history in their genetic make-up?

Answer 18

Yes they do

Question 19

Genetic mutations are not the basis of evolution. T/F

Answer 19

False, they are the basis of evolution

Question 20

From a ……. perspective, all social behaviour has the ultimate aim of ensuring an organism’s genes are passed onto the next generation.

Answer 20

Evolutionary

Question 21

What are the two social behaviours that are cross-species and have relevance to criminology?

Answer 21

1. Altrurism
2. Parental investment

Question 22

Kin Selection

Question 23

Reciprocal altruism

Question 24

What is the prisoners dilemma?

Answer 24

the conflict of doing what is best for yourself as an individual and considering the group and what might be best for the group

Question 25

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