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EKG > Week 2 chapter 3 & 4 > Flashcards

Week 2 chapter 3 & 4 Flashcards

1
Q

anatomy

A

study of structures in body

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2
Q

physiology

A

study of how various systems in the body work

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3
Q

homeostasis

A

state of balance/stability within systems of body

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4
Q

metabolism

A

physical/chemical processes carried out by body systems to maintain homestasis

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5
Q

plasma

A

liquid portion of blood

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6
Q

formed elements

A

solid portion of blood

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7
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells, contain protein (hemoglobin) carries oxygen in blood

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8
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells, capable of producing antibodies and destroying pathogens(bacteria)

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9
Q

thrombocytes

A

part of the formed elements of blood that play a role in blood clots (platelets)

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10
Q

hemoglobin

A

protein that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood

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11
Q

arteries

A

blood vessels that carry blood away from heart

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12
Q

oxygen rich blood

A

blood the return to the heart from lungs after receiving oxygen and is pumped throughout the body (oxygenated blood)

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13
Q

capillaries

A

smelled blood vessels, carry oxygen and nutrients to and remove carbon dioxide and wastes from cells in body

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14
Q

veins

A

blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart

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15
Q

oxygen-depleted blood

A

blood that is returned to the heart though veins after supplying oxygen to rest of body and is then pumped to lungs to receive oxygen again (deoxygenated blood)

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16
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdomen

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17
Q

pharynx

A

area of throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity

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18
Q

larynx

A

organ that includes vocal cords and allows air to pass into trachea

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19
Q

trachea

A

tube that foes from larynx to bronchi, allowing air to pass t the lungs (windpipe)

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20
Q

bronchi

A

two tubes that take air into lungs singular is bronchus

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21
Q

bronchioles

A

smaller branches from the bronchi, tubes that carry air farther into lungs, reaching air sacs (alveoli)

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22
Q

alveoli

A

air sacs in lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

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23
Q

stimuli

A

changes that cause response in the body

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24
Q

central nervous system

A

composed of brain and spinal chord

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25
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

nerves the extend through the body

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26
Q

somatic nervous system

A

division of peripheral, controls voluntary actions

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27
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

controls body functions that are not consciously directed (breathing, heartbeat)

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28
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

part of autonomic that works to increase heart rate, associated with fear/threat, fight or flight response

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29
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

autonomic system that work to slow heart rate

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30
Q

epicardium

A

outermost layer of heart, thin layer of connective tissue and fat that protect heart and also contain blood vessels that supple oxygen and nutrients to heart, called coronary arteries

31
Q

myocardium

A

middle and thickest layer of heart, made up of cells capable of continuous rhythmic contraction

32
Q

endocardium

A

thin, innermost layer of heart forms a smooth elastic surface allowing blood to flow without stopping or clotting

33
Q

superior venacava

A

one of the largest veins in body, returns oxygen-depleted blood from upper body to heart

34
Q

inferior venacava

A

largest veins in body the return oxygen-depleted blood from the lower body to the heart

35
Q

aorta

A

bodies largest artery, branches off into body smaller artier to distribute oxygen rich blood

36
Q

coronary arteries

A

arteries that provide oxygen and nutrients to tissues of heart

37
Q

septum

A

wall dividing the right and left sides of the heart

38
Q

atria

A

two upper chambers of the heart

39
Q

ventricles

A

two lower chambers of the heart

40
Q

systole

A

phase where heart is at work contracting and pushing blood out of the left ventricle

41
Q

diastole

A

phase when heart relaxes/rest

42
Q

tricuspid valve

A

heart valve between right atrium and right ventricle, right atrioventricular valve

43
Q

pulmonary valve

A

heart valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery, pulmonary semilunar valve

44
Q

bicuspid valve

A

heart valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery, mitral valve

45
Q

aortic valve

A

heart valve between left ventricle and aorta, aortic semilunar valve

46
Q

pulmonary circuit

A

circulation of blood between heart and rest of body

47
Q

systemic circuit

A

circulation of blood between rest of body (except lungs)

48
Q

exchange sites

A

places the body gets oxygen and substances need by cells are delivered and wastes products are removed

49
Q

plaque

A

fatty deposits in coronary arteries

50
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

condition one or more coronary arteries become blocked, hardened, narrowed by fatty deposits (plaque)

51
Q

blood clot

A

blood that has become solid within body

52
Q

thrombus

A

blood clot/collection of plaque formed within blood vessel

53
Q

embolus

A

blood clot/loosened plaque that travels from original site and can block blood flow

54
Q

ischemia

A

condition when embolus blocks coronary artery, resulting in lack of oxygen to heart muscle supplied by that vessel

55
Q

angina pectoris

A

chest pain, pressure or discomfort

56
Q

unstable angina

A

chest pain that occurs at rest. not stress can be warning sign of myocardial infarction(heart attack)

57
Q

cardiac output

A

amount of blood pumped by heart

58
Q

cardiac arrest

A

total loss of heart function

59
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

condition when muscular layer of heart is enlarged making heart unable to pump effectively

60
Q

pulmonary edema

A

fluid build up in lungs, interfere with gas exchange

61
Q

peripheral edema

A

fluid build up in body causing swelling to lower legs, feet, ankles and severe when in abdomen

62
Q

congestive heart failure

A

condition where heart muscle is damaged and no longer pumps effectively, causes blood to back up in various parts of body

63
Q

sputum

A

mucus coughed up from lungs

64
Q

ascites

A

abnormal fluid in abdominal cavity

65
Q

regurgitation

A

leaking of blood back into chamber from which it is bring pumped, back flow

66
Q

congenital defect

A

abnormality that occurred before birth

67
Q

palpitations

A

feeling of heart flutter or breathing in chest

68
Q

occlude

A

block or plug up

69
Q

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

A

condition when blood clots form deep under skin, usually in legs

70
Q

pulmonary embolism

A

blood clot/blockage found in lungs

71
Q

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

occurs when blood supply to part of brain is blocked and or blood vessels leak and rupture within brain, stroke

72
Q

dysphasia

A

difficulty speaking

73
Q

hemiparesis

A

weakness on one side of body

74
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis on one side of body

EKG (3 decks)

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