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EKG > Week 2 chapter 3 & 4 > Flashcards

Week 2 chapter 3 & 4 Flashcards

1
Q

anatomy

A

study of structures in body

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2
Q

physiology

A

study of how various systems in the body work

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3
Q

homeostasis

A

state of balance/stability within systems of body

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4
Q

metabolism

A

physical/chemical processes carried out by body systems to maintain homestasis

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5
Q

plasma

A

liquid portion of blood

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6
Q

formed elements

A

solid portion of blood

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7
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells, contain protein (hemoglobin) carries oxygen in blood

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8
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells, capable of producing antibodies and destroying pathogens(bacteria)

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9
Q

thrombocytes

A

part of the formed elements of blood that play a role in blood clots (platelets)

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10
Q

hemoglobin

A

protein that transports oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood

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11
Q

arteries

A

blood vessels that carry blood away from heart

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12
Q

oxygen rich blood

A

blood the return to the heart from lungs after receiving oxygen and is pumped throughout the body (oxygenated blood)

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13
Q

capillaries

A

smelled blood vessels, carry oxygen and nutrients to and remove carbon dioxide and wastes from cells in body

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14
Q

veins

A

blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart

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15
Q

oxygen-depleted blood

A

blood that is returned to the heart though veins after supplying oxygen to rest of body and is then pumped to lungs to receive oxygen again (deoxygenated blood)

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16
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdomen

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17
Q

pharynx

A

area of throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity

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18
Q

larynx

A

organ that includes vocal cords and allows air to pass into trachea

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19
Q

trachea

A

tube that foes from larynx to bronchi, allowing air to pass t the lungs (windpipe)

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20
Q

bronchi

A

two tubes that take air into lungs singular is bronchus

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21
Q

bronchioles

A

smaller branches from the bronchi, tubes that carry air farther into lungs, reaching air sacs (alveoli)

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22
Q

alveoli

A

air sacs in lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

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23
Q

stimuli

A

changes that cause response in the body

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24
Q

central nervous system

A

composed of brain and spinal chord

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25
peripheral nervous system
nerves the extend through the body
26
somatic nervous system
division of peripheral, controls voluntary actions
27
autonomic nervous system
controls body functions that are not consciously directed (breathing, heartbeat)
28
sympathetic nervous system
part of autonomic that works to increase heart rate, associated with fear/threat, fight or flight response
29
parasympathetic nervous system
autonomic system that work to slow heart rate
30
epicardium
outermost layer of heart, thin layer of connective tissue and fat that protect heart and also contain blood vessels that supple oxygen and nutrients to heart, called coronary arteries
31
myocardium
middle and thickest layer of heart, made up of cells capable of continuous rhythmic contraction
32
endocardium
thin, innermost layer of heart forms a smooth elastic surface allowing blood to flow without stopping or clotting
33
superior venacava
one of the largest veins in body, returns oxygen-depleted blood from upper body to heart
34
inferior venacava
largest veins in body the return oxygen-depleted blood from the lower body to the heart
35
aorta
bodies largest artery, branches off into body smaller artier to distribute oxygen rich blood
36
coronary arteries
arteries that provide oxygen and nutrients to tissues of heart
37
septum
wall dividing the right and left sides of the heart
38
atria
two upper chambers of the heart
39
ventricles
two lower chambers of the heart
40
systole
phase where heart is at work contracting and pushing blood out of the left ventricle
41
diastole
phase when heart relaxes/rest
42
tricuspid valve
heart valve between right atrium and right ventricle, right atrioventricular valve
43
pulmonary valve
heart valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery, pulmonary semilunar valve
44
bicuspid valve
heart valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery, mitral valve
45
aortic valve
heart valve between left ventricle and aorta, aortic semilunar valve
46
pulmonary circuit
circulation of blood between heart and rest of body
47
systemic circuit
circulation of blood between rest of body (except lungs)
48
exchange sites
places the body gets oxygen and substances need by cells are delivered and wastes products are removed
49
plaque
fatty deposits in coronary arteries
50
arteriosclerosis
condition one or more coronary arteries become blocked, hardened, narrowed by fatty deposits (plaque)
51
blood clot
blood that has become solid within body
52
thrombus
blood clot/collection of plaque formed within blood vessel
53
embolus
blood clot/loosened plaque that travels from original site and can block blood flow
54
ischemia
condition when embolus blocks coronary artery, resulting in lack of oxygen to heart muscle supplied by that vessel
55
angina pectoris
chest pain, pressure or discomfort
56
unstable angina
chest pain that occurs at rest. not stress can be warning sign of myocardial infarction(heart attack)
57
cardiac output
amount of blood pumped by heart
58
cardiac arrest
total loss of heart function
59
cardiomyopathy
condition when muscular layer of heart is enlarged making heart unable to pump effectively
60
pulmonary edema
fluid build up in lungs, interfere with gas exchange
61
peripheral edema
fluid build up in body causing swelling to lower legs, feet, ankles and severe when in abdomen
62
congestive heart failure
condition where heart muscle is damaged and no longer pumps effectively, causes blood to back up in various parts of body
63
sputum
mucus coughed up from lungs
64
ascites
abnormal fluid in abdominal cavity
65
regurgitation
leaking of blood back into chamber from which it is bring pumped, back flow
66
congenital defect
abnormality that occurred before birth
67
palpitations
feeling of heart flutter or breathing in chest
68
occlude
block or plug up
69
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
condition when blood clots form deep under skin, usually in legs
70
pulmonary embolism
blood clot/blockage found in lungs
71
cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
occurs when blood supply to part of brain is blocked and or blood vessels leak and rupture within brain, stroke
72
dysphasia
difficulty speaking
73
hemiparesis
weakness on one side of body
74
hemiplegia
paralysis on one side of body

EKG (3 decks)

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