week 2 chapter 11 nursing care of the family during pregnancy

Question 1

first trimester

Answer 1

1-13 wks

Question 2

second trimester

Answer 2

14-26 wks

Question 3

third trimester

Answer 3

wk 27-40

Question 4

estimated date of birth (EDB)

Answer 4

When pregnancy is confirmed, the patient’s first question usually is when they will give birth. This date is called the estimated date of birth (EDB). Accurate dating of pregnancy is vital to promoting healthy outcomes for the patient and the fetus. A correct date for the first day of the last (normal) menstrual period (LMP), the date of intercourse, and a basal body temperature (BBT)

Question 5

what is the gold standard for confirmation of pregnancy and dating?

Answer 5

ultrasound done in the first trimester

Question 6

what is Nägele’s rule?

Answer 6

Nägele’s rule is a common method for calculating the EDB. It is based on the person’s accurate recall of their last menstrual period (LMP). It assumes that the person has a 28-day cycle and that fertilization occurred on the 14th day. According to Nägele’s rule, after determining the first day of the LMP, subtract 3 months, add 7 days and 1 year; or, alternatively, add 7 days to the LMP and count forward 9 months. For example, if the first day of the LMP was September 10, 2021, the EDB is June 17, 2022.

Question 7

quickening

Answer 7

Quickening (“feeling life”) refers to the mother’s first perception of fetal movement. It usually occurs between weeks 16 and 20 of gestation and is initially experienced as a flu ering sensation.

Question 8

what is the fundal height?

Answer 8

The fundal height, or measurement of the height of the uterus above the symphysis pubis, is used as one indicator of fetal growth after 20 weeks.

Question 9

Kegel exercises

Answer 9

deliberate contraction and relaxation of the pubococcygeus muscle—strengthen the muscles around the reproductive organs and improve muscle tone. Many patients are not aware of the muscles of the pelvic floor until it is pointed out that these are the muscles used during urination and sexual intercourse and that they can be consciously controlled.

Question 10

Rh Immune globulin

Answer 10

Testing to determine the pregnant patient’s blood type is done at the first prenatal visit. Rh-negative patients will also have an antibody screen in the first and third trimester. Patients with Rh-negative (D- negative) blood type who are carrying an Rh-positive (D-positive) fetus can develop antibodies against the D antigen on the fetal red blood cell, causing lysis of the fetal red blood cells. This can lead to life-threatening hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn

Prophylactic RhIG can be administered to the Rh-negative (D- negative) pregnant patient to prevent formation of antibodies (alloimmunization) by destroying any fetal red blood cells in the maternal circulation before their immune system recognizes the D- positive antigen and begins to produce antibodies

A dose of 300 mcg RhIG is routinely administered at 26 to 30 weeks to all Rh-negative patients without evidence of anti-D alloimmunization. If they give birth to an Rh-positive infant, the dose of RhIG is repeated within 72 hours after birth