week 2: building blocks Flashcards
atoms, DNA, proteins ect.
what is an Atom
building blocks of matter
what 3 smaller particles is an atom composed of?
- Protons
- neutrons
- electrons
is a proton positively, neutrally or negatively charged?
Positive
is a electron positively, neutrally or negatively charged?
negatively
is a neutron positively, neutrally or negatively charged?
uncharged
what charge does a atom have?
0
where are protons located in an atom?
nucleus
where are electrons in an atom?
outside nucleus in ‘shells”
where is a neutron in an atom?
nucleus
how can atoms become stable?
gaining, losing or sharing electrons
what charge does the atom become if an atom gains an electron to become stable?
negatively
what charge does the atom become if an atom loses an electron to become stable?
positively
what charge does the atom become if an atom shares an electron to become stable?
equally/unequally
definition- Chemical Bonds
chemical interactions that hold or attract atoms together
3 main types of chemical bonds?
- Ionic
- Covalent
- hydrogen
what is the atomic number of an element based on?
the number of protons in the nucleus
what % of our body weight is made from Carbo, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen?
96%
what percentage of our body is made from trace elements?
4%
definition- Biochemistry
application to chemistry (atom) to living systems
Example of an inorganic compound?
water and minerals
what does inorganic compound lack?
carbon
example of an organic compound?
glucose
what element does a organic compound contain?
carbon
list 4 categories of organic compounds
- carbohydrates
- lipids
- proteins
- nucleotides (DNA, RNA)
