Week 2, Bacteria Anatomy

Question 1

Single, large chromosome, contains all the genes that the bacterium needs to survive, and how to build all the cell structures, like cell wall, proteins, enzymes etc.

Answer 1

DNA Loop

Question 2

Covering surrounding all living organisms that regulates what is inside the cell

Answer 2

Cell Membrane

Question 3

Outer structer on some bacteria (ex: Strep pneumoniae) that allows the bacteria to evade phagocytosis by preventing immune cells from “grabbing” the bacterium

Answer 3

capsule

Question 4

Structures involved with protein synthesis

Answer 4

ribosomes

Question 5

Enzyme that the bacterium uses to replicate DNA (and thus reproduce)

Answer 5

Gyrase

Question 6

Structure that is stained in the gram stain

Answer 6

cell wall

Question 7

small segments of DNA that contain special attributes (ex: antibiotic resistance) and can be shared among bacteria

Answer 7

plasmids

Question 8

structure of some bacteria (ex: Helicobacter pylori) involved with bacterial motility

Answer 8

Flagella

Question 9

hair like structures that allow bacteria to stick to surfaces (like E. coli adhering to the epithelial lining of the urinary tract)

Answer 9

Pili

Question 10

Structure produced by few types of bacteria that enables the bacteria to stay dormant for decades in harsh environmental conditions. Produced by Clostridium spp. and Bacillus spp.

Answer 10

Endospores