Week 2: Arteries & Veins Flashcards

1
Q

Where do the superior and inferior gluteal arteries originate from?

A

Internal iliac artery

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2
Q

Where does bifurication of aorta occur and what is the artery called at the inguinal ligament?

A
  • Bifurcation of aorta – at the level of L4 vertebrae
  • Inguinal ligament – external iliac to femoral artery
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3
Q

What is the arterial supply of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Deep femoral artery

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4
Q

What is the arterial supply of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Deep femoral artery

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5
Q

What is the arterial supply of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Deep femoral artery + Obturator artery

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6
Q

What muscles do the gluteal arteries supply?

A
  • Superior gluteal – gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
  • Inferior gluteal – gluteus maximus
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7
Q

What is the arterial supply of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Anterior tibial artery

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8
Q

What is the arterial supply of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Posterior tibial artery

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9
Q

What is the arterial supply of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibular/peroneal artery

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10
Q

What artery does the femoral artery continue on from?

A

External iliac artery (direct branch from the descending aorta)

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11
Q

At which point does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?

A

Where it passes deep to the inguinal ligament to enter the thigh

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12
Q

Describe the pathway of the femoral artery:

A
  • The femoral artery passes through the thigh to primarily supply the leg and foot
  • The deep femoral artery (profunda femoris) that supplies most of the muscles of the thigh
  • The femoral artery travels down the thigh through the adductor canal
  • After entering the back of the knee (popliteal fossa) the artery is now known as the popliteal artery
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13
Q

What is the popliteal artery a continuation of?

A

The femoral artery through the adductor hiatus in adductor magnus muscle

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14
Q

Where does the popliteal artery divide?

A

After leaving the popliteal fossa, the popliteal artery divides into 2 branches:
1. Anterior tibial artery
2. Posterior tibial artery

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15
Q

In which compartment of the leg did you locate the posterior tibial artery?

A

Posterior compartment

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16
Q

On which the aspects of the foot did you locate the medial and lateral plantar arteries?

A

Plantar aspect, medial and lateral respectively

17
Q

Where does the fibular (peroneal) artery originate?

A

The fibular artery is a large branch from a little below the origin of the posterior tibial artery

18
Q

Which compartment of the leg is supplied by the fibular artery?

19
Q

In which compartment of the leg is the anterior tibial artery?

20
Q

Describe the location of the dorsal artery of the foot (doralis pedis):

A
  • It’s the continuation of the anterior tibial artery distal to the ankle joint
  • This artery is positioned subcutaneously in a line from midway between the malleoli to the proximal end of the first intermetatarsal space
21
Q

Why is it important to be able to palpate the dorsalis pedis pulse?

A

To check that the foot is receiving adequate blood supply – often impaired in people with conditions such as peripheral vascular disease and diabetes

22
Q

The systemic veins contain numerous bicuspid valves – what is the function of these valves?

A

Allow the (deoxygenated) blood to flow towards the heart but prevent backward flow

23
Q

Describe the drainage of the femoral vein to the heart:

A
  • The femoral vein continues proximally as the external iliac vein
  • The external and internal iliac veins join to form the common iliac vein, which drains into the inferior vena cava
24
Q

What are the 2 main cutaneous veins of the lower limb?

A
  1. Great (greater or long) saphenous vein
  2. Small (lesser or short) saphenous vein
25
Q

On what aspect of the foot, leg and thigh is the great saphenous vein located?

A

Medial aspect

26
Q

On what aspect of the foot and leg is the small saphenous vein locate?

A

Lateral aspect of foot, posterior surface of leg