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Intro to OT > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Occupation?

A

Various life activities including Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental ADL (IADL), education, work, play, leisure, and social participation.”

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2
Q

Occupational Performance

A

The ability to carry out activities in daily life (areas of occupation)
Individualized
Influenced by culture, values, contexts, passage of time
Provide meaning in life

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3
Q

Characteristics of OT Clients

A

“Client” versus “Patient”
All ages
Developmental/Acquired Conditions
Physical/Mental/Emotional/Spiritual Health Needs
Health and Wellness: Optimal goal of therapy

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4
Q

Quality ot services

A

Consideration of client contextual factors + provision of client centered interventions

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5
Q

The distinct value of occupational therapy

A

to improve health and quality of life through facilitating participation and engagement in occupations, the meaningful, necessary, and familiar activities of everyday life

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6
Q

Preparatory

A

Range of motion, strengthening, stretching

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7
Q

Contrived

A

activities that include component skills or tasks, “mock activities”, purposeful in nature

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8
Q

Occupation Centered

A

Completed in natural setting, containing all components of goal centered activity

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9
Q

Therapeutic Use of self

A

Therapists’ conscious efforts to optimize
their interactions with clients”
(Punwar & Peloquin,2000, p. 285)
” Therapists need to be aware of and understand their emotions to access intuition, to trust their emotions to act on them, and to use their emotions in problem solving and decision making”

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10
Q

OT Terminology 1

A

Occupational Therapy Aide (OT Aide)
Occupational Therapy Student (OTS)
Occupational Therapy Assistant Student (OTAS)
Occupational Therapy Personnel (Any person who delivers OT services)
Occupational Therapy Practitioner (certified OT or OTA who is licensed by the State and has not had any disciplinary actions)

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11
Q

OT Terminology 2

A

Occupational Therapist (OT)
Occupational Therapy Profession (OT)
Occupational Therapy Assistant (OTA)
OTR/L (OT who is registered/certified and licensed by the State
COTA/L (OTA who is certified and licensed by the State)

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12
Q

OT Terminology 3

A 
MOT (Master’s of OT Degree)
AAS (Associates of Science Degree)
MS (Master’s of Science Degree)
MA (Master’s of Art Degree)
OTD (Occupational Therapy Doctorate)
PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)
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13
Q

OTA Abbreviations

A

COTA= Person who has passed National Board of Certification for Occupational Therapy (NBCOT®) Examination but is not licensed by State to practice as an OTA

When licensed by the State: COTA/L

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14
Q

History of OTA Certification

A

1977: 1st OTA certification examination
1917: !st national societys meeting

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15
Q

Certification

A

AOTCB (American Occupational Therapy Certification Board)
CHANGED TO
Name was changed to National Board for Certification in Occupational Therapy (NBCOT®)

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16
Q

What is Certification?

A

National testing to certify minimum level of knowledge/qualifications to be entry-level OT/OTA
NBCOT® independent organization of AOTA
NBCOT® examination scheduled after coursework and fieldwork
Four hour exam in all practice areas

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17
Q

Rationale for Licensure

A

Ensures OT is comparable to other allied health professions
Provides for health and safety of the public
Assures competency
Provides recognition of profession
Sets professional accountability standards

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18
Q

History of Licensure

A

AOTA Political Action Committee (OT PAC) assisted States in drafting licensure acts

Most States have experienced resistance to licensing OT by other professions (PT)

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19
Q

OT professional associations

A

American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA)

Illinois Occupational Therapy Association (ILOTA)

World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT)

American Student Committee of the Occupational Therapy Association (ASCOTA)

SOTA (Student Occupational Therapy Association)

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20
Q

WFOT mission

A

WFOT promotes occupational therapy as an art and science internationally. The Federation supports the development, use and practice of occupational therapy worldwide, demonstrating its relevance and contribution to society”.

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21
Q

Philosophy Basics

A

Metaphysics
Nature of humankind: find meaning and engage
Epistemology
Nature, origin, and limits of human knowledge: “How do we know things?”
Axiology
Study of values: “What are our standards of conduct?”

22
Q

Philosophy: Holism

A

Adolf Meyer, Swiss physician
Not a founder but highly influential
Developed psychobiological approach to mental illness

23
Q

Humanism

A

Client should be treated as a person, not an object
Foundation for our Ethics, as defined in Core Values and Attitudes of Occupational Therapy Practice (AOTA)
7 concepts identified

24
Q

Key Events in OT history

A

1917: 1st National Organization for Occupational Therapists: National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy
1917: (beginning of ) World War One
1941: (beginning of ) World War Two

25
Moral treatment
Movement to use purposeful activities in the treatment of persons with mental illness
26
Moral treatment movement
Philippe Pinel: Pushed to “unshackle” clients by having clients engage in meaningful occupations, introduced “work treatment” for the “insane” William Tuke: Built the 1st group home for persons with mental illness, utilized occupations to heal clients, created a retreat facility where patients were approached with kindness and consideration Benjamin Rush: Started the Moral Treatment Movement in United States
27
Arts and crafts movement
1904: Herbert Hall (MD, Massachusetts): 1st clinic for persons with physical disability focusing on use of arts & crafts 1910: William Rush-Dunton (Psychiatrist and OT): Implemented arts & crafts program at psychiatry facility “Father” of Occupational Therapy Published “Occupational Therapy: A Manual for Nurses 1914: George Edward Barton (Architect, Boston): Opened convalescent house using occupation for rehabilitation – Consolation House
28
Eleanor Clarke Slagle
Social Worker from Chicago Attended Hull House Settlement School in Chicago 1915: Slagle developed the 1st OT school: Henry B. Flavil School of Occupations at Hull House. Incorporated habit training for the severely mentally ill by providing ADL and social skill training “MOTHER” of Occupational Therapy
29
Eleanor clarke slagle lectureship award
``` Eleanor Clark Slagle Lectureship Award established Given yearly by AOTA to an OT/OTA who demonstrates excellence in research, education, and/or clinical practice ```
30
First Professional ot meeting
1917: National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy (NSPOT) NSPOT Vision: Develop and disseminate body of knowledge related to the use of occupations
31
NSPOT Philosophical beliefs
Restore person to productive role in society Use of occupations as treatment Interaction of man and his environment Disability/illness due to lack of fit between person’s habits and his/her environment Utilization of purposeful, graduated activity
32
WWI Impact on ot profession
U.S. Army called for Reconstruction Aides to rehabilitate returning soldiers Soldier’s Rehabilitation Act Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation Act Reconstruction Aides promoted recovery through use of activity OTs educated reconstruction aides by providing 12-16 week training programs OTs role in training Aides led to increase in number of OTs in the United States (U.S.)
33
OT history post WWI
After WWI, the need for OTs decreased & many OT educational programs shut down (The Great Depression)
34
Impact of WWII on ot
Army created positions for OTs – Army (Originally Women’s) Medical Specialist Corps Impact of WWII on OT: More men returned from war with serious disabilities (instead of dying) Led to an increase in demand for OT services
35
Crisis period in OT due to Reductionism Movement
Reductionism Movement: Medical field stopped viewing persons holistically Focus of medicine shifted to looking at biophysics/biochemistry as the cause of disease (internal factors) instead of looking at how external factors contributed to disease Pressure by medical field for OT to adopt medical model Focus on remediating internal disease factors continues today in medical field
36
Reductionist movement & ot
New OT Paradigm: Man no longer seen as a “whole” person Limited study of occupation Shift from occupation focused to science focused
37
kinesiology
``` Mobilization, coordination, strengthening, endurance training ADL as method of improving independence Adaptive equipment Splinting Pre-vocational training ```
38
Ot intervention
Goal of treatment for the mentally ill: manage abnormal behaviors, improve communication skills, reduce psychiatric symptoms OT Intervention moved away from use of occupations (ADL, work) to educating clients in behavioral management strategies Continued use of Arts& Crafts to decrease depression, anger, and increase pleasure in life
39
Rehabilitation movement
Veterans Hospitals (VAs): Added physical rehab OT along with mental health OT Women served in army (WWII) in women’s specialist corps After WWII, some OTs became commissioned officers in Army
40
Reductionism vs. holistic
CRISIS continues today in OT Profession: Lack of professional identity No unifying theory of occupation OT not promoting its’ unique value to clients, public and insurance companies
41
Impact of federal legislation on OT
Reduced number of therapy visits Decreased reimbursement for OT services Increased co-pays Increased documentation requirements Electronic medical record documentation “Push” for use of evidence-based treatment Shift in provision of health care from inpatient settings to to skilled nursing/outpatient/home health settings
42
Centennial vision
We envision that occupational therapy is a powerful, widely recognized, science-driven, and evidence-based profession with a globally connected and diverse workforce meeting society's occupational needs."
43
Vision 2025
Builds on Centennial Vision through updating of profession’s strategic plan Two year planning process; presented at AOTA Conference in April, 2016 Based on OT’s “Distinct Value”
44
Why did AOTA shift focus in vision 2025?
Demand for OT practitioners expected to increase until 2025 Increased focus on cost, quality, and outcomes in health care delivery Transmit knowledge more quickly to practitioners Prepare a new generation of leaders Focus on systems change, quality improvement, and population health New insurance payment models and systems
45
Main Tenets: of 2025 vision
Accessible: Occupational therapy provides culturally responsive and customized services Collaborative: Occupational therapy excels in working with clients and within systems to produce effective outcomes Effective: Occupational therapy is evidence-based, client-centered, and cost-effective Leaders: Occupational therapy is influential in changing policies, environments, and complex systems
46
Centennial vision vs. vision 2025
Not focused on being “scientific” but on the health and well-being of persons and groups of persons Broader definition of health/provision of services in non-traditional settings Replaces term “occupation” with “participation in everyday activities”
47
Aging in Place
Home Safety Fall Prevention Socialization
48
Driver Assessment/Training
Evaluation (all ages) Training Adaptive Driving Equipment Certification for OT practitioners in Driving Rehab (Certified Driving Rehab Specialist)
49
Technology/Assistive Devices
``` Adaptive equipment Communication Computer access Daily living Education and learning Reaction and leisure Seating and positioning Vision and reading Prosthetics and orthotics ```
50
Ergonomic Consulting
Seating and positioning in work settings Lifting Injury prevention

Intro to OT (1 decks)

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