Week 2 Flashcards
What are the 4 MAIN tissues types
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
What are the special characteristics of epethial tissue
Polarity Cellularity Specialized contacts Supported by connective tissue Avascular Regeneration
Faces a free space (lumen or cavity); possesses apical and basal surfaces
Polarity
Composed mostly of cells; tightly packed; no intracellular matrix
Cellularity
Bound by special cell junctions and join cells in sheets
Specialized Contacts
possesses a basement membrane composed of the basal lamina (secreted by epithelial cells) and reticular lamina (secreted by underlying connective tissue cells)
Supported by connective tissue
no direct blood supply; cells depend on diffusion of nutrients usually from the connective tissue
Avascular
high mitotic rate
Regeneration
one cell layer thick
Simple cell arrangement
two or more cell layers thick
Stratified Cell Arrangement
all cells contact basement membrane but tissue appears stratified
Pseudostratified Arrangement
specialized for stretching, smaller cells on top of large cells
Transitional Arrangement
flat and scale-like
squamous cell shape
height=width=length/depth
Cuboidal Cell Shape
taller than wide
Columnar Cell Shape
produces mucus which is propelled by cilia
Goblet Cell
Dry Cutaneous Membrane
composed of dead surface cells filled with protein keratin that help form a barrier to water, microbes and abrasion
Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue
Locations: mesothelia (serosae), endothelia (lining of blood vessels, heart, lymphatic vessels), lung alveoli (air sacs), lining of Bowman’s capsule, and loop of Henle in kidneys
Functions: diffusion, filtration, secretion of serous fluid
Simple Cuboidal Epithelial Tissue
Locations: lines of tubules of kidney, glands, and ducts
Functions: absorption and secretion
Simple Columnar Epithelial Tissue
Locations: non-ciliated - lines gi tract from stomach to rectum and gall bladder
ciliated - lining small bronchi, uterine (fallopian) tubes, and some regions of the uterus
Functions: absorption and secretion
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelial Tissue
Locations: non-ciliated - lines sperm carrying ducts and ducts of large glands
ciliated - lines trachea and most of the upper respiratory tract
Function: secretion
Stratified Squamos Epithelial Tissue
Locations: non-keratinized - lines moist surfaces (oral cavity, esophagus, vagina, and anus)
keratinized - dry surfaces (skin epidermis)
Function: protection
Transitional Epithelial Tissue
Locations: lines ureters, bladder and part of the urethra
Function: distention/expansion/stretching
