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ANAT1019 SEM1 > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 groups of muscles in the shoulder region?

A
  1. axioscapular and axioclavicular
  2. scapulohumeral
  3. axiohumeral
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2
Q

What are the functions of the axioscapular and axioclavicular muscles?

A
  • move and stabilise the pectoral girdle
  • position the scapula and the clavicle and will result in movement of the Sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) and the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ).
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3
Q

What are the 3 anterior muscles of the axioscapular and axioclaviciular region?

A
  1. subclavius
  2. Pectoralis Minor
  3. Serratus anterior
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4
Q

What are the 5 posterior muscles in the axioscapular and axioclavicular region?

A
  1. upper trapezius
  2. middle trapezius
  3. levator scapulae
  4. rhomboid minor
  5. rhomboid major
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5
Q

Subclavius movements:

A
  • clavicular depression
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6
Q

Pectoralis minor movements:

A
  • scapular abduction
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7
Q

serratus anterior movements:

A
  • scapular abduction
  • scapular upwards rotation
  • scapular stabiliser
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8
Q

Upper trapezius movements:

A
  • scapular elevation
  • scapular adduction
  • scapular upward rotation
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9
Q

Middle trapezius movements:

A
  • scapular adduction

- scapular upwards rotation

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10
Q

Lower trapezius movements:

A
  • scapular depression
  • scapular adduction
  • scapular upwards rotation
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11
Q

levator scapulae movements:

A
  • scapular elevation

- scapular downwards rotation

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12
Q

Rhomboid minor movements:

A
  • scapular elevation
  • scapular adduction
  • scapular downwards rotation
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13
Q

Rhomboid major movements:

A
  • scapular elevation
  • scapular adduction
  • scapular downwards rotation
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14
Q

What are muscle force couples?

A
  • equal and opposite forces action on two different points of a ridged body
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15
Q

Upper trapezius vs Lower trapezius

A
  • Upper trapezius elevation and lower trapezius depression cancel out and produce scapular adduction and upwards rotation
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16
Q

What is medial winging?

A

the medial boarder of the scapula protrudes due to the muscles bring too weal and thus having a limited ability to stabilise the scapula

muscle weakness = serratus anterior
nerve dysfunction = long thoracic nerve

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17
Q

What are the 7 scapulohumeral muscles?

A
  1. deltoid
  2. supraspinatus
  3. infraspinatus
  4. teres minor
  5. teres major
  6. subscapularis
  7. coracobrachialis
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18
Q

Deltoid movements:

A
  • anterior deltoid: flexion, abductionand horizontal flexion
  • middle deltoid: abduction
  • posterior deltoid: extension, horizontal extension
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19
Q

supraspinatus movements:

A
  • abduction
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20
Q

infraspinatus movements:

A
  • external rotation
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21
Q

teres minor movements:

A
  • external rotation
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22
Q

subscapularis movements:

A
  • internal rotation
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23
Q

teres major movements:

A
  • extension and internal rotation
24
Q

coracobrachialis movements:

A
  • flexion and internal rotation
25
Q

What happens due to the size of the head of humerus relative to the glenoid cavity?

A
  • because HOH is 3-4 times the size of the glenoid cavity, movements cannot result from pure rolling of joint surface, there must also be glide/ translation.
26
Q

What are passive structures?

A

glenohumeral ligaments, gravity and the labrum

27
Q

What are active structures?

A

the muscles and the bony shapes

28
Q

What are the 2 axiohumeral muscles?

A
  1. pectorals major

2. latissimus dorsi

29
Q

Pectoralis major movements:

A
  • internal rotation (all fibres)
  • flexion (clavicular portion)
  • extension and adduction (sternal head)
30
Q

Latissimus dorsi movements:

A
  • extension
  • adduction
  • internal rotation
31
Q

What travels through the costoclavicular space?

A
  1. subclavian artery
  2. axially artery
  3. brachial
32
Q

What are the 3 pathways to the scapula area and arm?

A
  1. supra scapular foramen
  2. quadrangular space
  3. triangular interval
33
Q

What travels through the supra scapular foramen?

A
  1. supra scapular artery

2. supra scapula nerve

34
Q

What travels through the quadrangular space?

A
  1. axially nerve

2. posterior circumflex humeral artery

35
Q

what travels through the triangular interval?

A
  1. radial nerve

2. brachial artery

36
Q

What is the ventral Rami of the brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1 ventral rami

37
Q

What forms the superior trunk?

A

C5 and C6

38
Q

What forms the middle trunk?

A

C7

39
Q

What forms the inferior trunk?

A

C8, and T1

40
Q

What are the 4 nerves in the supraclavicular branches?

A
  1. dorsal scapular nerve
  2. long thoracic nerve
  3. supra scapular nerve
  4. subclavian nerve
41
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve innervated muscles:

A

C5

  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboids
42
Q

Long thoracic nerve innervated muscles:

A

C5, C6, C7

- serratus anterior

43
Q

Suprascapular nerve innervated muscles:

A

C5, C6

  • Supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
44
Q

What are the 9 nerve infraclavicular branches?

A
  1. axially
  2. radial
  3. musculocutaneous
  4. median
  5. ulnar
  6. upper sub scapular
  7. lower subscapular
  8. thoracodorsal
  9. medial pectoral
45
Q

Axillary nerve innervated muscles:

A

C5, C6

  • deltoid
  • teres minor
46
Q

Radial nerve innervated muscles:

A

C5, C6, C7, C8

- all posterior arm and forearm

47
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve innervated muscles:

A

C5, C6, C7.

  • coracobrachialis
  • biceps brachial
  • brachialis
48
Q

Median nerve innervated muscles:

A

C6-T1

  • anterior forearm
  • intrinsic thenar muscles
49
Q

Ulnar nerve innervated muscles:

A

C8, T1

- flexor carpi ulnas

50
Q

Upper subscapularis innervated muscles:

A

C5, C6

- subscapularis

51
Q

Lower subscapularis innervated muscles:

A

C5, C6

- subscapularis and teres major

52
Q

Thoracodorsal innervated muscles:

A

C6, C7, C8

- latissimus dorsi

53
Q

Medial pectoral nerve innervated muscles:

A
  • pectorals major and minor
54
Q

Long thoracic nerve entrapment

A
  • repetitive hyperabduction which leads to weakness in serratus anterior and thus medial scapular winging
55
Q

Suprscapular nerve entrapment

A
  • occurs at the supra scapular notch and causes weakness in Supraspinatus and infraspinatus
56
Q

What nerve passes through the quadrangular space?

A

Axillary nerve

57
Q

What nerve passes through the triangular interval?

A

Radial nerve

ANAT1019 SEM1 (6 decks)

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