Week 2 & 3

Question 1

Adenoma

Answer 1

a benign tumour formed from glandular structures in epithelial tissue.

Question 2

Adenopathy

Answer 2

enlargement of lymph nodes anywhere in your body

Question 3

Branchial cleft cyst

Answer 3

type of birth defect in which a lump develops on one or both sides of your child’s neck or below the collarbone

Question 4

Calcitonin

Answer 4

a hormone secreted by the thyroid that has the effect of lowering blood calcium.

Question 5

Goitre

Answer 5

a swelling of the neck resulting from enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Question 6

Grave’s disease

Answer 6

autoimmune disorder that leads to an overactive thyroid gland

Question 7

Hyper/hyprocalcaemia

Answer 7

condition in which the calcium level in your blood is above normal

Question 8

Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 8

an abnormally high concentration of parathyroid hormone in the blood, resulting in weakening of the bones through loss of calcium.

Question 9

Hyprothyroidism

Answer 9

abnormally low activity of the thyroid gland, resulting in retardation of growth and mental development in children and adults.

Question 10

Inferior thyroid artery

Answer 10

It arises from the thyrocervical trunk and passes upward, in front of the vertebral artery and longus colli muscle

Question 11

Isthmus

Answer 11

a narrow organ, passage, or piece of tissue connecting two larger parts.

Question 12

Longus colli muscle

Answer 12

situated on the anterior surface of the vertebral column, between the atlas and the third thoracic vertebra.

Question 13

Lymphoma

Answer 13

cancer of the lymph nodes.

Question 14

Major neurovascular bundle

Answer 14

term applied to the body’s nerves, arteries, veins, and lymphatics that tend to travel together

Question 15

Medullary carcinoma

Answer 15

unique and somewhat less-aggressive type of infiltrating ductal carcinoma

Question 16

Pituitary gland

Answer 16

the major endocrine gland, a pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain that is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands.

Question 17

Psammoma bodies

Answer 17

round collection of calcium, seen microscopically

Question 18

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 18

each of a pair of long muscles which connect the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process of the temporal bone and serve to turn and nod the neck.

Question 19

Strap muscles

Answer 19

a group of four pairs of muscles in the anterior (frontal) part of the neck. The four infrahyoid muscles are; the sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid and omohyoid muscles.

Question 20

Strap muscles

Answer 20

a group of four pairs of muscles in the anterior part of the neck made up of the sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid and omohyoid muscles.

Question 21

Thyrotropin

Answer 21

a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland which regulates the production of thyroid hormones.

Question 22

Triiodothyronine

Answer 22

a thyroid hormone similar to thyroxine but having greater potency.

Question 23

Multinodular goitre

Answer 23

x

Question 24

Nodular hyperplasia

Answer 24

a benign tumor of the liver (hepatic tumor)

Question 25

Papillary carcinoma

Answer 25

most common form of well-differentiated thyroid cancer, and the most common form of thyroid cancer to result from exposure to radiation

appears as an irregular solid or cystic mass or nodule in a normal thyroid parenchyma