Week 2 Flashcards
What is a Lamina
(lamin- =plate) connects transverse processes to the spinous process on a vertebrae
pedicle
(pediculus = little foot) attached to and extends posteriorly on either side of the body
foramen
opening or hole
fossa
shallow depression
condyle
smooth, rounded articular process
Tubercule
small rounded projection
meatus
opening or canal, tube-like passageway
epiphysis
= growing over. covered with articular cartilage. Distal and proximal ends of the bone
Osteogenic cell
Osteoblast
Osteocyte
Osteoblast
- genic-develops into an osteoblast
- blast- forms bone cellular matrix
- cyte- maintains bone tissue
- clast- functions in resorption, the breakdown of bone extracellular matrix
How many times does the spinal column curve?
4 times in adults, once as a fetus
Characteristics of cervical vertebrae
- top 7
- provide major support for the head
- 1st 2 have a very large foramen, with almost no spinous process
- @C3 - C7 spinous process are pronounced to support attaching tissue.
- Flattened Spinous Process edge
Characteristics of Thoracic Vertebrae
- 12
- generally the spinous process has a downward angle
- more pointed than cervical, longer spinous process
- connect to ribs!
Characteristics of Lumbar vertebrae
- 5
- Wide centrum (body)
- wide spinous process
- very straight spinous process
- curved & thick in order to support everything above them
Characteristics of sacral and coccyx vertebrae
sacral: 5 fused together bc of evolutionary bipedalism
Coccyx: 4 fused together
Sternum Characteristics
- Smooth chest bone.
- 1st portion has notches.
- Jugular notch: supports Jugular vein going into superior vena cava
- Clavicular notch: one on each side
Manubrium
Protects top of chest and bronchi
How are ribs held in place?
Held in place by large amount of cartilage.
All connected to Thoracic vertebrae
True Ribs
- 1-7
- Attached to T1-T7
- Truly attached to Thoracic vertebrae and cartilidge
False RIbs
- 8-12
- Not directly attached to sternum with cartilidge
- attached to T8-T-12
Floating Ribs
- 2 pair
- attached to last Thoracic vertebrae.
- No cartilidge attachment
sella turcica
“sella turcica” means “turkish saddle” . From the lateral view, the sella turcica resembles a horse’s saddle. It houses the pituitary gland.
(in skull)
Fontanels
- Flat areas of fibrous connective tissue between bones of the skull that have not completed the ossification process.
- 4 major fontanels in the fetal skull.
- The soft spot on an infant’s skull is called the anterior fontanel.
