Week 2 Flashcards
Radiographic Appearance and Physics Concepts.
Term
Definition
Basic Unit of the Human Body
The human body is composed of systems, which consist of organs, tissues, cells, and chemical compounds.
Chemical Composition of Cells
Cells are made of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, DNA, and minerals.
Structure of an Atom
An atom consists of neutrons, protons (+), and electrons (-).
Higher Atomic Number Effect
More electrons and more electron orbits result in greater X-ray absorption.
Lower Atomic Number Effect
Fewer electrons and fewer electron orbits result in more X-ray passing through.
Wave Definition
A disturbance that moves through a medium from one location to another.
Wave Crest
The highest point of a wave.
Wave Trough
The lowest point of a wave.
Wavelength
The distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave.
Wave Frequency
The number of waves passing a point in a given amount of time.
X-Ray Wavelength Range
X-rays have wavelengths between 0.01 and 10 nanometers.
X-Ray Frequency Range
X-ray frequencies range from 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz (3×10¹⁶ Hz to 3×10¹⁹ Hz).
X-Ray Energy Levels
X-ray energies range from 100 eV to 100 keV.
X-Ray Discovery
X-rays are also known as Röntgen radiation, named after Wilhelm Röntgen.
X-Ray Absorption in Bones
Bones absorb more X-rays due to their high calcium content and appear white on X-ray images.
X-Ray Absorption in Soft Tissues
Soft tissues absorb fewer X-rays due to their high water content and appear darker on X-ray images.
