Week 2 Flashcards
SAID principle
Body adapts to the type of demand placed on it
FITT
Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type
Injury classification
MOI
Force
Factors that determine
-mag of force
-material properties of tissues involved
-small load=elastic response
-large load= plastic response
Yield point
Load exceeds the ultimate failure point
Anisotropic
Material is stronger in resisting force from certain directions than others
Compression
Force that crushes tissue
Tension
Force that pulls and stretches tissue
Shearing
Force that moves across the parallel design of fibres
Stress
The likelihood of injury depends on the magnitude of stress produced by force
Acute injury
Sudden onset
Single traumatic event
Chronic injury
Develop over time
Repetitive stress
Collagen bs elastin
C- in skin, tendons, and ligaments, strong, resists stretch
e- provides flexibility and elasticity
Muscles (4 characteristics)
Extensibility
Elasticity
Irritability
Contractility
Where do strains mostly occur
Musculotendinous junction
Strains vs sprains
Strain- muscle or tendon
Sprain- ligament
Myositis
Repeated irritation of tissue, inflammation or muscle tissue (shin splints)
Fasciitis
Inflammation of fascia (plantar flexion)
Myositis ossification
Mineral deposit in muscle associated with prolonged chronic inflammation of muscle or tension
Ectopic calcification
Accumulation of mineral deposits resembling bone in affected tissue
Osteoarthritis
Degeneration of articular cartilage
Bursitis
Moi: compression
Localized swelling, point tenderness, warm to touch
Ex. Elbow in wrestlers
List all bone injuries
Simple
Compound
Depressed
Transverse
comminuted
Oblique
Epiphyseal
Spiral
Green stick
Avulsion
Impacted
Nerve injuries
Moi: tensile or compressive force
1-neurapraxia
2-axonotmesis
3-neurotmesis
Afferent (sensory) symptoms
-hyperesthesia- heightened
-hypoesthesia-reduced
-parethesia- numb, prickling, tingling
ROM
Full movement potential of joint
Active
Passive
Active-assisted
Visual, goniomotor
PRICE
protection
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
HOPS
history
Observation
Physical assessment
Plan
Hypovolemic
Shock-severe blood or fluid loss from trauma or dehydration
Respiratory shock
Failure of lungs to supply oxygen due to obstruction or injury
Neurogenic shock
Spinal cord injury causing blood vessel dilation
Psychogenic shock
Sudden emotional stress causing fainting
Cardiogenic shock
Hearts inability to pump effectively due to heart attack or failure
Metabolic shock
Severe disturbances in metabolism, such as diabetic emergencies
Septic shock
Severe infections causing widespread inflammation and organ failure
Anaphylactic shock
Severe allergic reaction leading to airway constriction and low blood pressure
