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Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Four Qi, Temperature Characteristics or 5 designations

A
  1. Hot (re)
  2. Cold (han)
  3. Warm (wen)
  4. Cool (liang)
  5. Neutral (ping)
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2
Q

What are the five tastes

A

Acrid, Salty, Sweet, Bitter, Sour

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3
Q

What are the three additional Tastes

A

Bland, Aromatic, Astringent

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4
Q

What do Acrid / Pungent / Spicy herbs do?

A
  • Dispersing (out and upward)
  • Moving & Circulating
    – release the exterior
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5
Q

What do Sweet herbs do?

A
  • Tonify, nourish and strengthen
  • Harmonizing and moderating (not strong or intense)
  • Relieves tension (stomachache, spasms & pain)
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6
Q

What do bitter herbs do?

A
  • Downward draining/Purging
  • promotes bowel movement;
  • purge heat/fire;
  • descend Qi for vomiting, nausea, belching)
  • Dries dampness
    can have a sedating effect
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7
Q

What do salty herbs do?

A

Heaviest substances besides minerals
* Purges downwards for constipation
* Softens hardness

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8
Q

What do sour herbs do?

A

Stabilize and bind
* Astringe / Hold / Contract
* Stops movement and can move backwards
* Contains fluids and Qi

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9
Q

What do bland herbs do?

A
  • Leach out dampness (through urine)
  • Diuretic influence (edema)
  • Promote urination
  • Has a downward direction, but milder than bitter or salty
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10
Q

What do Aromatic herbs do?

A
  • Awakens and Revives (digestive system)
  • Penetrates through turbidity (if closed or blocked)
  • Eliminates damp (rheumatism)
  • Moves in all directions
  • Stronger than acrid (which moves up and out)
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11
Q

What do Astringent herbs do?

A

has the ability to prevent the leakage of fluids

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12
Q

What channel do Acrid / Pungent / Spicy herbs enter?

A
  • Enters the Lung
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13
Q

What channel do sweet herbs enter?

A
  • Enters the Spleen
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14
Q

What channel do Bitter herbs enter?

A
  • Enters the heart
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15
Q

What channel do salty herbs enter?

A
  • Enters the kidney
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16
Q

What channel do sour herbs enter?

A
  • Enters the liver
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17
Q

Who wrote the Origins of Medicine (Yi xue qi yuan) and Pouch of Pearls (Zhen zhu nang) - By entering a specific channel the herb can guide to that particular
channel or organ.

A

Zhang Yuan-Su

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18
Q

How many channels can be entered?

A

12

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19
Q

What channels can be entered?

A

Lung, Large Intestine, Spleen Stomach, Heart, Small Intestine, Kidney, Urinary Bladder, pericardium, San Jiao, Liver, Gallbladder

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20
Q

Who wrote Discussion of the Spleen
and Stomach (Pi Wei Lun)

A

Li Dong-Yuan

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21
Q

What did Li Dong Yuan Write about?

A

each herb tends to either:
* Rise,
* Fall,
* Float
Or
* Sink

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22
Q

What does Gravity Tell us about direction of herbs?

A
  • Upwards: most flowers go upwards
  • Downward: Heavy minerals, shells
  • Sink: inward
  • Float: outward
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23
Q

What are the properties of Floating and Ascending herbs

A
  • Expel superficial evils
  • Ascend Yang
  • Expel Wind and Cold
  • Inducing Vomiting
  • Open the Orifices (coma - closed
    orifice)
  • Promoting Eruptions (measles)
  • Warming Yang
24
Q

What are the properties of Sinking and Lowering herbs

A
  • Clear Heat
  • Purging
  • Promoting Urination
  • Calming Mind
  • Descending Yang
  • Stop Vomiting
  • Stop Cough and Asthma
  • Astringent
  • Promote Digestion
25
What are the 8 therapeutic methods
1. Promote sweating (han fa) 2. Clear (qing fa) 3. Purge (xia fa) 4. Harmonize (he fa) 5. Warm (wen fa) 6. Tonify (bu fa) 7. Reduce / Sedate (xiao fa) 8. Induce vomiting (tu fa)
26
How do pathogens enter the body?
9 orfices (two eyes, two ears, two nostrils, mouth, anus, urethera) & skin
27
How do pathogens exit the body
Skin, mouth, bowels, urine
28
To treat an indication one must choose an herb based on its:
* Function * Channels entered * Temperature * Taste
29
Hard, heavy, moderate and bland substances are prescribed in ___ dosages & Minerals and shells are usually prescribed in ____ dosages
larger dosages.
30
* Light, toxic and strongly-flavored substances are used in ____ doses * Flowers, leaves and aromatic herbs usually ____ dosages are used.
Smaller doses
31
what is the Chief (King, Sovereign or Lord) role in an herbal formula
* the substance(s) that provides the main therapeutic thrust of the prescription
32
what is the Deputies (Ministers or Associates) role in an herbal formula
* enhance or assist the therapeutic actions of the chiefs. Can also assist in secondary complaints
33
what is the Assistants (Adjutants) role in an herbal formula
* treat accompanying symptoms * moderate the harshness or toxicity of the primary substances * assist the chief and deputies in accomplishing their main objective * provide assistance from another therapeutic direction.
34
what is the Envoy (Messenger or Couriers) role in an herbal formula
* Guide the other medicines to a specific channel or organ or region of the body, OR * Exert a harmonizing influence, as is often the case with Gan Cao
35
What is the Single Effect (dan xing) “Going Alone“ technique
the use of one medicinal substance to treat a patient
36
what is the Mutual Accentuation / Mutual Need (xiang xu) technique
combination of 2 substances with similar functions to accentuate their therapeutic actions.
37
what is the Mutual Enhancement / (xiang shi) “Empowering” technique
the combination of 2 or more substances with different actions in which one of the substances enhances the effect of the other in a specific clinical situation.
38
what is the Mutual Counteraction (xiang wei) “Fear” technique
combination in which the toxicity or side effects of one substance are reduced or eliminated by another substance.
39
what is the Mutual Suppression (xiang sha) “Killing” technique
converse of mutual counteraction in that here the emphasis is on the substance that reduces the undesirable side effects of the other.
40
what is the Mutual Antagonism (xiang wu) “Aversion” technique
The action of one medicinal is weakened by a 2nd, so you want to avoid pairing. * Would only use when you have a very strong medicinal and you want to decrease its strength
41
what is the Mutual Incompatibility (xiang fan) “Clashes” technique
occurs when the combination of two substances gives rise to side effects or toxicity which would not be caused by either substance when used alone.
42
what does dry frying do to herbs
Reduces coldness, bitterness or toxicity * reduces bad tastes * makes herb’s constituents more available for extraction in decoction.
43
what does wine frying do to herbs
Dry-frying + increases the blood- moving and collateral-freeing function of the treated herb – to treat Blood stasis, Qi stagnation
44
what does vinegar frying do to herbs
Dry-frying + increases an herb’s ability to invigorate Blood and relieve pain.
45
What does ginger frying to do herbs
Dry-frying + increases an herb’s ability to warm the Stomach and stop vomiting
46
what does honey frying do to herbs
Increases cough-relieving herbs’ ability to moisten Lung /relieve cough. * Increases tonifying Spleen and augmenting Qi for Tonifying herbs.
47
what does wine steaming to do herbs
Wine-steaming * Makes herbs warmer and more nourishing.
48
What does charring do to herbs
Increases or creates an ability to stop bleeding.
49
Systems of diagnosis: three jaos
Upper, middle, lower
50
Systems of diagnosis: four levels
xue, wei, qi, jing
51
Systems of diagnosis: Six channels shang han lun
shao yang, tai yang, yang ming, tai yin, shao yin, jue yin
52
Systems of diagnosis: five phases
Fire, earth, water, metal wood
53
systems of diagnosis: 6 evils
Wind, Cold, Summerheat, dryness, dampness, heat
54
systems of diagnosis: 7 emotions
grief, worry, shock, joy, anger, fear, pensiveness
55
systems of diagnosis: 8 principles
Yin, yang, excess, deficient, hot, cold, interior, exterior

intro to herbs (20 decks)

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