Week 2 Flashcards
Dependent Variable
The variable being measured but not being controlled
Independent Variable
The variable being manipulated and controlled
Operational
A detailed explanation of how a concept or variable is measured or manipulated
Internal Validity
the degree to which a cause-effect relationship has been established
External Validity
The degree to which you can generalize the findings from a smaller sample/context and apply it to a larger population/setting
Face Validity
The degree to which a procedure pr method measures what it intends to measure
Ecological Validity
The degree to which a study finding has been obtained under conditions that are typical to what happens in everyday life
Ecological Momentary Assessment
An umbrella term that describes these other methods that repeatedly sample real-world things (thoughts, experiences, behaviour, physiology)
Diary Method
Complete a questionnaire at the end of the day about thoughts, feelings or behaviour
Day Reconstruction Method
Describes ones experiences and behaviour across a given day retrospectively, using systematic reconstruction
Random Assignment
Randomly dividing participants into different groups to ensure differences are to the treatment, not pre-existing conditions
Random Sampling
Using a probability-based method to select a group of individuals for the sample from a population
Reliability
The consistency of a measure
Statistical Significance
A result is statistically significant if it is unlikely to arise by chance alone
Ambulatory Assessment
An overarching term to describe methodologies that assess behaviour, physiology, experience, and environment of humans in naturalistic settings
Experience Sampling Method
Methodology where participants report on their momentary thoughts, feelings and behaviours at different points of the day
Full Cycle Psychology
Scientific approach whereby researchers start an observational field study to identify an effect in the real world, follow up with laboratory experimentation to verify effect and isolate the causal mechanisms and return to field research to corroborate their experimental findings.
Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count
A quantitate text analysis methodology that automatically extracts grammatical and psychological information from a text by count word frquencies
Confounds
Factors that undermine the ability to draw causal inferences from an experiment
Correlation
Measures the association between two variables or how they go together
Experimenter Expectations
When the experimenter expectations influence the outcomes of the study
Longitudinal Study
A study that follows the same group of individuals over time
Participant Observation
When participants behave in a way they think the experimenter wants them to behave
Placebo Effect
Demonstrates the power of mind-body connection and the influence of psychological factors on health outcomes.
Quasi-Experimental Design
An experiment that does not require random assignment to conditions
Experiment
Manipulation of a variable, involves causation, random assignment
