Week 2

Question 1

What does 1 kcal equal

Answer 1

To raise 1 kg or 1 L of water 1°C

Question 2

British Thermal Unit

Answer 2

Temp needed to raise 1lb of water 1°F

Question 3

Direct Calorimetry

Answer 3

Burning food in a bomb calorimeter permits the direct quantification of the foods energy content

Question 4

Coefficient of digestibility

Answer 4

97% carbs
95% lipids
92% protein

Question 5

Bioenergetics

Answer 5

The flow and energy transformations within a living system

Question 6

Enzymes

Answer 6

Protein catalysts: accelerate chemical reactions without being consumed or changed in the reaction

Question 7

Coenzymes

Answer 7

Nonprotein organic substances: facilitate enzyme action by binding a substrate to its specific enzyme

Question 8

ATP

Answer 8

Stored chemical energy- free energy liberated in ATP hydrolysis powers all forms of biologic work

Question 9

Endergonic

Answer 9

Chemical reactions that store or absorb energy with free increase for biologic work

Question 10

Exergonic

Answer 10

Any physical or chemical process that releases energy to surroundings with free energy decline

Question 11

When does ADP form

Answer 11

When ATP joins with water, catalyzed by the enzyme adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)

Question 12

3 forms of biologic work

Answer 12

Mechanical-muscle contraction
Chemical- biosynthesis of cellular molecules
Transport- transfer of substances among cells

Question 13

Cellular respiration

Answer 13

The process by which energy is transferred (within a cell) from food to ATP inna stepwise series of reactions; relies heavily upon the use of oxygen

Question 14

Anaerobic

Answer 14

I’m absence of, not requiring, nor utilizing oxygen

Question 15

Aerobic

Answer 15

In the presence of, requiring, or utilizing oxygen

Question 16

Anaerobic carb breakdown

Answer 16

Rapid, glycolysis results in pyruvate-to-lactate formation with the release of about 5% of energy within the original glucose molecule

Question 17

Aerobic carb breakdown

Answer 17

Slow- glycolysis results in pyruvate-to-acetyl-CoA-to-citric acid cycle and electron transport of the remaining energy within the original glucose molecule