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Physical Assessment > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Abnomality or overusage of antibiotics can cause what?

A

Blackened hairy tongue

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2
Q

T/F esophoria and esotropia are the same thing?

A

T

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3
Q

The optic nerve is what cranial nerve?

A

II

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4
Q

T/F Air conduction is greater than sound conduction

A

True

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5
Q

When assessing the sinuses use what type of percussion?

A

Direct

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6
Q

Which test do you use with assessing the balance?

A

Romberg

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7
Q

Nosebleed is also called what?

A

epistaxis

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8
Q

Swollen and red gums are a sign of what condition?

A

Gingivitis with vitamin c deficiency

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9
Q

Difficulty seeing close up is called what?

A

Hyperopia

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10
Q

Which cranial nerve is used for the accessory nerves?

A

XI

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11
Q

What is the eye and ear positioning for someone with Down’s syndrome or even fetal alcohol syndrome?

A

Ears are much lower than the corner of the eyes.

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12
Q

When do you ask if the patient has any headaches?

A

Ask when they have any pain during head assessment

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13
Q

What kind of pain would congestion cause?

A

Sinus pain around the brow and cheekbones

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14
Q

What type of people might be prone to cluster headaches?

A

Men and alcohol abuse patients

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15
Q

What’s the difference between tension and cluster headaches?

A

Cluster is when the pain is around one eye and tension is when it feels like there’s a band squeezing the front or back of the head a steady pain

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16
Q

What are some things that accompany migraines?

A

Auras
Sensitive to light and sounds, and may need to go into a quiet and dark place
Nausea

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17
Q

What are some things that you should see midline on the neck?

A

Hyoid, trachea, and thyroid

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18
Q

What do you palpate and inspect near the thyroid?

A

Goiters and nodules, basically goiters

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19
Q

What fingers can you use to palpate the thyroid?

A

The thumb if going from the front and tips of fingers if palpating from the back of the person

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20
Q

What are the lymph nodes near the ears?

A

Pre auricular- right in front of the ear
Posterior auricular- right behind the top of the ear
Occipital- behind the main part of the ear
parotid- right in front of the earlobe above the tonsilar

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21
Q

What are the lymph nodes near the jaws?

A

Tonsillar- right below the ear where the jaw meets the ear
Submandibular- below the jawline
Submental- under the chin

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22
Q

What are the lymph nodes near the neck?

A

Superficial cervical chain- just down the sides of the trachea
Supraclavicular- on the clavicle
Deep cervical chain- along the sides of the neck
Posterior cervical- in the groove of the clavicle and neck

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23
Q

Which cranial nerve is the olfactory nerve?

A

I

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24
Q

Which nerve is the vagus and what does it do?

A

X- swallow

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25
Q

Which nerve is responsible for tongue mvmnt?

A

XII- hypoglossal

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26
Q

Which cranial nerve is responsible for facial movement?

A

VII

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27
Q

What cranial nerves is responsible for PERRLA?

A

III, IV, and XI

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28
Q

Which cranial nerve is the optic nerve?

A

II

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29
Q

Which nerve is the trigeminal and what does it do?

A

V and it is for sensation of the face

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30
Q

Which nerve is the glossopharyngeal reflex?

A

9- gag reglex

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31
Q

Which nerve is the spinal accessory?

A

XI

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32
Q

Which nerve do you test with a broken q-tip?

A

V

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33
Q

Which nerve assess hearing and balance?

A

VIII

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34
Q

Which cranial nerve is responsible for frowning and smiling?

A

VII

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35
Q

Which nerves are sensory nerves?

A

I- Olfactory
II- Optic
V- trigeminal
VII- taste
VIII- vestibulocochlear- hearing and balance
IX- glossopharyngeal- taste and sensation from back of tongue
X- vagus- taste and sensation from epiglottis and pharynx

36
Q

Which nerves are motor nerves?

A

III- Oculomotor- eyeball and upper lid
IV- Troclear- eyeball movement
V- Trigeminal chewing
VI- Abducens- eyeball
VII- Facial expression
IX- Glossopharyngeal- swallowing and speech
X- Vagus- swallowing and speech
XI- Accessory- head and shoulder
XII- Hypoglossal- tongue muscle movement

37
Q

What is it called if the eye’s vision and light refraction is normal?

A

Emmetropia

38
Q

What is it called if the light rays focus in the front of the retina and what happens to vision?

A

Myopia and you can’t see far away

39
Q

What is it called if the light rays focus in the past the retina and what happens to vision?

A

Hyperopia and you can’t see close up

40
Q

What drugs makes dilated pupils?

A

Benzodiazapine
Marijuana
Amphetamines

41
Q

What drugs makes the eyes glassy?

A

Alcohol

42
Q

What drugs makes pinpoint pupils

A

Opiates- pinpoint Opiates

43
Q

What would you see in people from tropical areas?

A

Overexposure of sun can cause pingueculae

44
Q

What do blue pupils mean?

A

Cataracts

45
Q

What is macular degeneration?

A

Loss of central vision

46
Q

How early (age) do you test vision?

A

At four

47
Q

What do you use for people who can’t read?

A

The E chart and figure out which way the letter is facing

48
Q

What test is used to test nearsightedness?

A

Rosenbaum

49
Q

What is the corneal light reflex?

A

You shine a light and make sure both of the pupils dilate

50
Q

What does the uncover test do?

A

Tests for strabismus

51
Q

Exophoria and exotropia means what?

A

The eye is facing outward

52
Q

Esophoria and esotropia means what?

A

The eye is deviating inward

53
Q

Hyper and hypotropia means what?

A

The eyes are deviating upward and downward

54
Q

What is nystagmus?

A

The eye or eyes are fluttering

55
Q

What tool would you use to look at the fundus of the eye? Why would you use it?

A

Ophthalmoscope, especially for the diabetic retinopathy

56
Q

What is the difference between hyperopia and presbyopia?

A

Similar condition of seeing close up objects, but presbyopia happens later on in life and the eye’s lens lose flexibility

57
Q

What are some things to inspect for in the ear?

A

Redness and drainage which might signal otitis externa

58
Q

How would you see if there is any pain in the ear?

A

Pull on the helix, pus on the tragus and palpate the mastoid process behind the ear

59
Q

What do you look at with the otoscope?

A

Tympanic membrane

60
Q

What are you looking for when you look at the tympanic membrane?

A

Pearly gray color and a cone of light
Right ear- cone is five o clock
Left ear- cone is at seven o clock

61
Q

Whisper test is used for what?

A

Hearing acuity and have them close their eyes and stand behind them

62
Q

How do you use the tuning fork to test hearing?

A

Place on mastoid
When the patient stops hearing
Place it beside the ear so they can hear

63
Q

Where do you place the tuning fork for the Weber test?

A

On top of the head for bone conduction to hear bilaterally in both ears

64
Q

What does the Weber test assess?

A

Bone conduction

65
Q

How long should you stand for the Romberg test?

A

20 seconds

66
Q

What would you inspect the nose for?

A

Midline
Polyps
Drainage
Septum deviation

67
Q

What sinuses do you palpate and percuss?

A

Frontal
Maxillary
Ethmoid
sphenoid

68
Q

Where are your frontal sinuses?

A

At the start of your eyebrows

69
Q

Where are your sphenoid sinuses?

A

Between the top of your ear and outer corner of the eyes

70
Q

Where would you palpate for your sphenoid sinuses?

A

Beside your nose under the tear ducts

71
Q

Where would you palpate for your sphenoid sinuses?

A

Beside your nose under the tear ducts

72
Q

Where would your maxillary sinuses be?

A

Behind your cheeks

73
Q

Where are your ethmoid sinuses palpated?

A

Between the eyes

74
Q

How would you assess the sinuses?

A

Percuss and palpate

75
Q

What is transillumination?

A

Use your penlight to shine on the sinuses and see a red glow

76
Q

What is an indication of positive sinusitis?

A

No red glow of the sinus with transillumination

77
Q

What is the drainage of allergic vs viral infection in the nose?

A

Viral is purulent and allergic is clear

78
Q

What documentation do you use with no tonsils?

A

With a “0”

79
Q

What are normal tonsils documented as?

A

With a 1+

80
Q

What would you document tonsils that are halfway to the uvula?

A

2+

81
Q

What would you document tonsils that are touching the uvula?

A

4+

82
Q

What is findings of tonsillitis?

A

3+ and beefy red with pustules

83
Q

What type of people have ulcers in their mouth?

A

Cancer, chew tobacco

84
Q

Why might epileptics have ulcers in their mouth?

A

Because they might bite their tongue during seizure episodes

85
Q

What is the swelling of the gums called and what are some causes?

A

Gingivitis from plaque buildup and/or vitamin C deficiency

86
Q

What is gingival hyperplasia?

A

swollen gums

Physical Assessment (4 decks)

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