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Management Skills > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is inventory?

A

-A critical component of lab management that should be:

-Categorized

-Alphabetized within sections

-Kept records of the last updated inventory

-Indicate items to be reordered depending on need

-Assign the responsibility of the upkeep of the list if not yours

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2
Q

What are some other ways inventory can be kept track of?

A

-Product number & serial number
-Supplier + manufacturing name
-Price per unit/bag
-Location/storage
-Expiration date
-Lot number
-Date of arrival

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3
Q

What are the requirements for ordering?

A

-Credit card that you pay with grant funds or re-imbursements

-Purchase order number (PO#) from a purchasing department (purchasing officer)

-Order requisition to be approved by someone with signing authority

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4
Q

How can you use sales representatives to your advantage?

A

-Ask for help with costs
-Ask for advice on protocols
-Ask for the newest products in your field of research
-Ask for free samples of key items before you purchase them
-Ask to speak with a technical representative for trouble-shooting

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5
Q

Glassware includes

A

-Beakers
-Flasks
-Graduated cylinders
-Bottles

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6
Q

What should be done with damaged glassware?

A

-Should be avoided and discarded appropriately because bacteria can grow in the cracks and chips

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7
Q

What must be done to clean glassware

A

-Must be washed with laboratory grade detergent and rinse in distilled water, and then autoclaved

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8
Q

What is in plasticware?

A

Buffers, distilled water, reverse osmosis water, depends on rate of purity

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9
Q

What must be considered when buying disposables?

A

-Need to make sure they’re lab grade and sterile since they’re used every day– don’t want to cut corners and save money on these

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10
Q

What should be considered when doing chemical stock supply?

A

-Making sure chemicals are alphabetized, and that they haven’t expired.

Some labs use barcodes for each chemical to perform inventory

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11
Q

Before purchasing new equipment what are the most important things to consider?

A

-Will it be shared between two labs
-Making sure to contact your manufacturer’s sales representative

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12
Q

What are the advantages to renting or leasing equipment?

A

-Investing a minimum amount, allowing for funds to be used elsewhere

-Upgrade to a newer model, faster

-Consumables, software upgrades can be included in monthly payment

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13
Q

What are the disadvantages to renting or leasing equipment?

A

-In sample testing, often traceability of the machine is required in record keeping

-If a previously used machine, even with cleaning, foreign contaminants may still be present and off set results (not acceptable for clinical trials etc)

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14
Q

Renting or leasing equipment depends on ___________

A

Funding which can be:

Academic and industrial

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15
Q

Academic funding

A

Equipment funding will expire if not used within the term, will need to return fund, therefore purchasing in full is optimal

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16
Q

Industrial

A

Capital funds will allow for payment plans (long term use)

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17
Q

What is some common equipment?

A

Vortex, water baths, shakers, electroporator, pH meter, scales, pipets, spectrophotometer, incubators

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18
Q

UV spectrophotometers

A

-Are used to measure DNA and RNA in water buffer and require quartz cuvettes

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19
Q

Why are quartz cuvettes required?

A

No refraction, can use either clear or black quartz, but black quartz has better refractive index for reproducibility

20
Q

Can bacteria and yeast be used in the same incubator?

A

No they need separate incubators

21
Q

What does PCR measure?

A

-Cloning and amplification of DNA, and RNA expression profiling

22
Q

What does electrophoresis need

A

-Sample buffer with salt (preservative), glycerol (adds weight), and tracking dye (monitor movement of sample)

-A marker (molecular weight standard)

-Heated samples at 95*C for 5 min

23
Q

Agarose

A
  • Has a good range of separation
    -Range of DNA between 50 kb to 200 bp
    -Very rigid and easy to handle
24
Q

Acrylamide

A

-Good resolving power
-Range of DNA between 500 bp to 5 bp
-Also great for protein separation
-Gradient gels

25
Q

Southern blot

A

DNA on a filter probed with DNA

26
Q

Northern blot

A

RNA on a filter probed with DNA or RNA

27
Q

Western blot

A

Protein on a filter probed with an antibody

28
Q

Southwestern blot

A

DNA on a filter probed with protein

29
Q

Eastern blot

A

Protein on filter probed with lipids, aptamers, post trans modification indicators

30
Q

What is a Gel Doc system?

A

-a UV transilluminator with EtBr
-For immunoblot imaging
-Better than Xray film as that is outdated and expensive

31
Q

Why are some things filtered as a sterilization method?

A

-Filtering used for solutions that cannot be autoclaved such as tissue culture media, vitamins, and proteins

32
Q

What do autoclaves do?

A

-Prevent yeast or bacterial growth in buffers/media
-Used for large volumes
-Sterilize glassware for aseptic work
-Never with corrosive chemicals or detergents (ex. SDS makes bubbles)
-Works by using high heat 121*C and pressure
-Requires safety training and cycle will depend on items being sterilized ex. Dry vs wet cycle
-Requires heat resistant gloves

33
Q

What is the process of centrifugation?

A

-To separate particles from a solution, centrifuge supplies a driving force (also temperature), rotor determines functionality (sample size, pellet shape, gradient), BALANCE IS KEY

34
Q

What is the max rpm for microfuges?

A

13,000 rpm

35
Q

What is the max rpm for benchtop centrifuges?

A

14,000 rpm and the rotors are interchangeable

36
Q

What are large volume centrifuges used for?

A

For samples that are bigger than 1 Litre

37
Q

What is the max rpm for ultracentrifuges?

A

100,000 rpm, they are used for lipid extraction and very fine gradients

38
Q

What is the brightfield microscope?

A

-Most common in all labs 10, 40, 100 x

39
Q

What is the phase contrast microscope?

A

-No fixing or staining needed to see a sample

40
Q

What is the fluorescence microscope?

A

-Label or see specific parts of a cell ex. GFP

41
Q

What is the electron microscope?

A

-Transmission and scanning types

42
Q

What can you do if you need a piece of equipment but don’t have it or can’t afford it?

A

-Apply for an equipment grant through your institution
-Apply for a government equipment grant
-Ask for a departmental shared piece
-Ask to borrow from another lab
-Try to find a used piece of equipment, re-certified

43
Q

What is the most important things for a budget set-up?

A

-List all required reagents
-Include subtotals

44
Q

What are direct costs?

A

-Salaries, benefits, equipment, consumable supplies

45
Q

What are indirect costs?

A

-Company overhead, administrative, utilities, security, custodial (10-80% funds)

Management Skills (6 decks)

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