WEEK 2 Flashcards
Goal of restorative dentistry
Function and esthetic
Defined as the art and science of dentistry which deals with diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of defects of the teeth which do not require full coverage restorations for correction
Operative dentistry
Purpose of operative dentistry
Diagnosis
Prevention
Interception
Maintenance
is an infectious microbiological disease of the teeth which results in localized dissolution and destruction of the calcified tissue, caused by the action of microorganisms and fermentable carbohydrates.
Dental caries
The balance between remineralization and demineralization has been illustrated in terms of?
Pathologic factors (favor demi)
Protective factors (favor remi)
Mechanical wear between opposing terth commonly due to excessive masticatory forces
Attrition
Non carious loss of tooth structure due to night grinding
Attrition
Loss of tooth material by mechanical means other than by opposing teeth
Abrasion
Caused by improper tooth brushing
Abrasion
Loss of dental hard tissue as a result of a CHEMICAL process not involving bacteria
Erosion
Are microfractures which appear in the enamel and possibly the dentine caused by flexion of the cervical area of the tooth under heavy loads
Abfraction
Lesions usually appear wedge shaped defects with sharp line angles
Abfraction
Traumatic injuries may involve hard dental tissues and the pup which require restoration
Malformed traumatic or fractured teeth
Involve 2/3 of the crown
Horizontal fracture
Cannot be restored anymore it already reaches the apex
Vertical fracture
Discolored teeth because of staining or other reasons look unesthetic and require restoration
Esthetic improvement
Repair or replacement of previous defective restoration is indicated for operative treatment
Replacement or repair of restoration
Is vital for treatment planning
Proper diagnosis
Determination of NATURE OF DISEASE, INJURY or other defect by EXAMINATION, TEST and INVESTIGATION
Diagnosis
If the margins are not intact and needs more esthetic improvement means that it is a
Defective restoration
Preventing further loss of tooth structure by STABILIZING AN ACTIVE DISEASE PROCESS
Interception
This includes the process and procedure undertaken after signs and symptoms of disease have appeared, in order to prevent the disease FROM DEVELOPING INTO A MORE SERIOUS OR FULL EXTENT
Interception
Here the teeth are restored to their normal health form and function
Interception
After restoration is done, it must be MAINTAINED for providing service for longer duration
Maintenance
Indications of amalgam
Moderate to large caries
Heavy occlusal contact
Restorations that cannot be well isolated
Not high esthetic area
Contraindications of amalgam restoration
Anterior teeth
Esthetically prominent areas of posterior teeth (PM)
Small to moderate Class 1 and class 2 that can be well isolated
Are thos materials that can be placed DIRECTLY in the tooth cavity during SINGLE APPOINTMENT
Direct materials
Are used to FABRICATE restorations in the DENTAL LAB that are placed in or on the teeth
Indirect materials
Example of direct materials
Amalgam
Resin based
GI
RMGI
Example of indirect materials
All ceramic/porcelain
Metal ceramic
Cast gold alloys
RMGI
Point when teeth erupt and acquire proximal contact with adjacent tooth
Contact point
Act as a barrier against food impaction and thus contributes to underlying periodontal health
Contact point
Contact area
Upper 1/3 of the crown
Establishing the interproximal contacts is the primary objective of resto
Contacts
Ideal contact
Maintain arch stability
Maintenance of interproximal area
Influence of speech and cosmetics
Disadvantages
Improper physiologic tooth movement
Food retention and plaque accumulation
Removed during cavity prep
Infected dentin
Is the most detrimental irritating factor of the pulp
Depth of the cavity
Management for heat (burs and polishing)
Air and water
Management for dehydration
Coolant
Management for heat (metallic resto)
Insulator/medicament
Management for restorative material
Material placement
Dimension of soft tissue which is attached to the portion of the tooth CORONAL to the crest of the alveolar bone
Biologic/Biological Width
Evaluation of biologic width
Radiograph
Perio probe
How to correct biologic width
Gingivectomy
Ortho
Most favorable type of margin in resto
SUPRAGINGIVAL
Provides easy preparation of the tooth, finishing of margins, impression making, fit and finish of resto, verificatiom of the resto, less irrititating to the perio tissue
Supra
Denotes lesions on UNRESTORED SURFACES
Primary caries
Here the 4 maxillary deciduous incisors are severely affected
Nursing caries
Lesions developing ADJACENT or BENEATH EXISTING restorations
Recurrent/Secondary
Demineralized tissue LEFT in place before a restoration is placed
Residual caries
A progressinh lesion
Active carious lesion
Occurs on the GINGIVAL THIRD of the buccal and lingual surfaces and on approximal surfaces
Smooth surface caries
Occur on EXPOSED ROOT CEMENTUM and DENTIN usually following gingival recession
Root caries
Travels towards the pulp at a very fast speed
Acute caries
MULTIPLE ACTIVE carious lesions occuring in the SAME patient frequently TOOTH SURFACES THAT IS USUALLY CARIES FREE
Rampant caries
A lesion that has formed and then NOT PROGRESSED
Arrested caries/ inactive
Often characterized by a LARGE OPEN CAVITIES whih no longer RETAIN FOOD AND BECOME SELF CLEANSING
Arrested
Occurs on the occlusal surface of posterior teeth buccal and lingual surfaces of molars and on lingual surfaces of maxillary incisors
Pit and fissure caries
Present in primary dentition of young children
Early childhood caries
Seen in the primary dentition of infants and young children as a result of sucking on a bottle or dummy containing cariogenic liquids
Bottle caries/Nursing caries
Seen after radiotherapy of malignant lesions of the jaws as the salivary glanda may be damaged by radiation
Xerostomia
Results in reduced salivary flow
Xerostomia
Progresses very SLOWLY TOWARDS THE PULP with dark color and hard consistency
Chronic dental caries
