WEEK 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the skull?

A

Skull is the bony framework that gives the head its characteristic shape and protects the soft and vital tissues of the head, particularly the brain

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2
Q

How many bones is the skull composed of?

A

22 bones
8 in the cranium & 14 in the face

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3
Q

What are the eight bones of the Cranium?

A
  • Frontal
  • Occipital
  • Sphenoid
  • Ethmoid
  • Two parietal bones
  • Two temporal bones
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4
Q

What are the 14 bones in the face?

A
  • Mandible (1)
  • Maxillae (2)
  • Zygomatic bones (2)
  • Lacrimal bones (2)
  • Nasal bones (2)
  • Inferior Conchae (2)
  • Palatine bones (2)
  • Vomer (1)
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5
Q

How can the skull be examined?

A
  • CT scan (the best)
  • X-ray
  • MRI
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6
Q

What do the bones that contribute to the skeletal framework of the nasal cavities include?

A
  • Unpaired: Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Frontal bone and vomer
  • Paired: Nasal, Maxillary, Palatine, Lacrimal bones and Inferior conchae
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7
Q

What are the properties of the Maxillary sinus?

A
  • Present at birth
  • First radiological evidence 4-5 months after birth
  • Reaches adult size by 15 years
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8
Q

What are the properties of the Ethmoid sinus?

A
  • Present at birth
  • First radiological evidence at 1 year
  • Reaches adult size by 12 years
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9
Q

What are the properties of the Sphenoid sinus?

A
  • Not present at birth
  • First radiological evidence at 4 years
  • Reaches adult size by 15 years
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10
Q

What are the properties of the Frontal sinus?

A
  • Not present at birth
  • First radiological evidence at 6 years
  • The size increases until teen years
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11
Q

The sphenoid sinus develops in the body of the sphenoid sinus and drains via a _______________ into spheno ethmoid recess

A

Sinus ostium

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12
Q

What is sinus pneumatisation?

A

Sinus pneumatisation is a continuous physiological process that causes the paranasal sinuses to increase in volume

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13
Q

What is the degree of pneumatisation in the sphenoid sinus?

A

The degree of pneumatisation is variable and may extend into greater and lesser wing of sphenoid and pterygoid plates

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14
Q

What are the important structures related to the sphenoid sinus?

A

Vivian canal
Optic nerve
Foramen rotundum

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