Week 2 Flashcards
Mestizo
people who had a mixed origin of Native American and European; became a large part in population for Spanish America
Tenochtitlan
Aztec Empire’s capital; was one of the largest cities (located in Mexico City today)
Coverture
doctrine in that when a woman marries she surrenders her legal identity and is ‘covered’ by her husband; family life depended on male dominance and female submission at this time in history in Europe
Bartholomeu Dias
Portuguese mariner; reached Cape of Good Hope in West Africa in 1487
Black Legend
image of Spain as a brutal and exploitative colonizer; Las Casas’s writings contributed to this image and caused other Europeans to challenge Spain’s power in America
Bartolome’ de Las Casas
Dominican priest; published writings of decimation of Indian population 15 years after Pope Paul III outlawed Indian enslavement– writings talked about Spain’s brutal control towards Indians and beliefs about rule in America
Roanoke
English’s first attempt of settlement - 1585
Jamestown
first English settlement - 1607
Plymouth
first pilgrim settlement - 1620
purposes of Jamestown
land, religious freedom, money
merchantism
trade practice policy of Great Britain (Europeans) and other imperial powers of regulating the economies of colonies to benefit the mother country
colonization
establishing a permanent settlement
imports
goods coming in the country
exports
goods going out the country
cash crops
making money from crops (tobacco)
indentured servants
had a debt to pay for passage to the New World
slaves
were not paid; could work off debt
Middle Passage
passage used to carry slaves and goods
Mayflower Compact
document of first government in New World; made on mayflower by pilgrims
Pilgrims
puritans; strayed from England’s religious beliefs; found Plymouth on Cape Cod
Joint-Stock Market
investors provided money to get land; Jamestown was invested for money; an investment for colonies to make profit
In what ways did Religion affect the development of the American Colonies? (Use the words: Protestant Reformation, Pilgrims, Glorious Revolution, Mayflower Compact)
Pilgrims wanted different religious beliefs from England to be pure (Puritans). Protestant Reformation gave different ways in regards to government. The Glorious Revolution was the use of science and relationship with God (outside of church); it gave different religious views. Mayflower Compact first government in the New World.
How did the economies in the North and South differ? (Use the words: Cash Crops, Middle Passage, Triangle Trade, Port City, Plantation, Raw Materials, and Manufactured Goods).
The pilgrims mainly migrated in the north; colonists in the south (in regards to Americas). They both had agriculture but the south used cash crops. The north relied on manufactured goods and participated in the triangle trade; the south used the middle passage for slaves and goods. Port city was used for for trade as well but easy access for boats. South seeked gold and raw materials like crops for trade and wealth (agricultural based); North was more religious based and craftsmen
Pequot War
War between Pequot Indian tribe and New England colonists where Pequot tribe were massacred (turning point when fur trader was killed by Pequot)
Anne Hutchinson
criticized as a Puritan leader; led discussion of religious issues among people; accused MA ministers of faulty preaching; was banished for violating puritan doctrine
why pilgrims migrated
pilgrims were puritans who had different religious beliefs from England
why columbus explored
for Asia; for spice and goods from India and China
