Week 2

Question 1

Mestizo

Answer 1

people who had a mixed origin of Native American and European; became a large part in population for Spanish America

Question 2

Tenochtitlan

Answer 2

Aztec Empire’s capital; was one of the largest cities (located in Mexico City today)

Question 3

Coverture

Answer 3

doctrine in that when a woman marries she surrenders her legal identity and is ‘covered’ by her husband; family life depended on male dominance and female submission at this time in history in Europe

Question 4

Bartholomeu Dias

Answer 4

Portuguese mariner; reached Cape of Good Hope in West Africa in 1487

Question 5

Black Legend

Answer 5

image of Spain as a brutal and exploitative colonizer; Las Casas’s writings contributed to this image and caused other Europeans to challenge Spain’s power in America

Question 6

Bartolome’ de Las Casas

Answer 6

Dominican priest; published writings of decimation of Indian population 15 years after Pope Paul III outlawed Indian enslavement– writings talked about Spain’s brutal control towards Indians and beliefs about rule in America

Question 7

Roanoke

Answer 7

English’s first attempt of settlement - 1585

Question 8

Jamestown

Answer 8

first English settlement - 1607

Question 9

Plymouth

Answer 9

first pilgrim settlement - 1620

Question 10

purposes of Jamestown

Answer 10

land, religious freedom, money

Question 11

merchantism

Answer 11

trade practice policy of Great Britain (Europeans) and other imperial powers of regulating the economies of colonies to benefit the mother country

Question 12

colonization

Answer 12

establishing a permanent settlement

Question 13

imports

Answer 13

goods coming in the country

Question 14

exports

Answer 14

goods going out the country

Question 15

cash crops

Answer 15

making money from crops (tobacco)

Question 16

indentured servants

Answer 16

had a debt to pay for passage to the New World

Question 17

slaves

Answer 17

were not paid; could work off debt

Question 18

Middle Passage

Answer 18

passage used to carry slaves and goods

Question 19

Mayflower Compact

Answer 19

document of first government in New World; made on mayflower by pilgrims

Question 20

Pilgrims

Answer 20

puritans; strayed from England’s religious beliefs; found Plymouth on Cape Cod

Question 21

Joint-Stock Market

Answer 21

investors provided money to get land; Jamestown was invested for money; an investment for colonies to make profit

Question 22

In what ways did Religion affect the development of the American Colonies? (Use the words: Protestant Reformation, Pilgrims, Glorious Revolution, Mayflower Compact)

Answer 22

Pilgrims wanted different religious beliefs from England to be pure (Puritans). Protestant Reformation gave different ways in regards to government. The Glorious Revolution was the use of science and relationship with God (outside of church); it gave different religious views. Mayflower Compact first government in the New World.

Question 23

How did the economies in the North and South differ? (Use the words: Cash Crops, Middle Passage, Triangle Trade, Port City, Plantation, Raw Materials, and Manufactured Goods).

Answer 23

The pilgrims mainly migrated in the north; colonists in the south (in regards to Americas). They both had agriculture but the south used cash crops. The north relied on manufactured goods and participated in the triangle trade; the south used the middle passage for slaves and goods. Port city was used for for trade as well but easy access for boats. South seeked gold and raw materials like crops for trade and wealth (agricultural based); North was more religious based and craftsmen

Question 24

Pequot War

Answer 24

War between Pequot Indian tribe and New England colonists where Pequot tribe were massacred (turning point when fur trader was killed by Pequot)

Question 25

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 25

criticized as a Puritan leader; led discussion of religious issues among people; accused MA ministers of faulty preaching; was banished for violating puritan doctrine

Question 26

why pilgrims migrated

Answer 26

pilgrims were puritans who had different religious beliefs from England

Question 27

why columbus explored

Answer 27

for Asia; for spice and goods from India and China