Week 2 Flashcards
examples of sub drugs
insulin, epoetin alfa, heparin
max volume: 1/5 ml
intramuscular
- Preferred over subq when larger volume of drug is administered
- Max volume: 2-2.5 mL in deltoid and thigh muscles,5 mL in gluteus maximus
- Examples: vaccines, antibiotics, hormone injections
How would you dispense Epogen 30,000
units Sub-Q x 1 order?
40,000 units/mL x 1 vial
IV push (IVP)
• Small volume administered AT LEAST over 1 min
• More concentrated
• Pushing medication from a syringe directly into
the patient’s vein
• Can induce adverse drug reactions
• IV intermittent infusion: short infusions
Meds delivered over a set period of time at
prescribed intervals
• Infused by gravity or via IV pump
ex vancomycin 1 gram infused over 1 hour every 12 hours
• IV intermittent infusion (set period of time) and continuous infusions (delivered over 24 hours)
medications are admixtured into a bag and delivered to patient utilizing iv pumps
Each institution must have
e IV guidelines/policies that indicate which meds can be given as IVP vs IVPB
as gauge number increases
size of lumen decreases
small gauge needle
thick or viscous solutions (i.e 18 G)
large gauge needle
aqueous solutions (i.e. 22 G)
Filter needle/Filter straw
5 microns- maximum pore size necessary to
prevent particulate matter from passing
through the needle
vented needle
• Positive and negative pressure must be
accounted for when withdrawing solutions from
a vial; prevents pressure differences
ampules
- Glass containers that store sterile solution
* Single use
vials
Contents can be in various forms
- Solution
- Freeze-dried sterile powder
single use
no preservatives
multiple use
preservatives added
- Anything that contains preservatives SHOULD NOT be use for epidural or intrathecal administration
IV admixture
• Add drug into a larger diluent for a final
product
Adaptable systems
Allow direct attachment of the drug
vial to the bag of diluent
i.eAdd-vantage, add-EASE
- a plasticizer that is commonly added to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as a softener
Diphthalate (DEHP)
• Causes adsorption and leaching
some need to be made NON-PVC, Non-DEHP bc the rates of the absorptions are higher in those medications
IVPB
need to be made in a diluent bag
typical iv bag sizes
50 mL, 100 mL, 150 mL, 250 mL, 500 mL
dose
• Sometimes referred by “per kg” when medication is weight based
• i.e dopamine 1 mcg/kg/min- stating the total dose per kg ( 70 mcg/min) has no meaning
- “ Pt is on dopamine @ 1”
• i.e propofol 50 mcg/kg/min
- “pt is on propofol @ 50”
• Sometimes referred by total dose when medication is not weight based
- i.e insulin drip @ 5 units/hr
* i.e fentanyl drip @ 50 mcg/hr
concentration is needed to calculate
the rate that corresponds to the dose
