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BIOLOGY 1007 > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ligase

A

Enzyme, joins pieces of dna

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2
Q

helicase

A

Enzyme, unwinds dna

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3
Q

Topoisomerase/gyrase

A

Enzyme, that relieves supercoiling

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4
Q

Primase

A

RNA polymerase that makes primer for replication

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5
Q

ssBP

A

Single stranded binding proteins binds to ssDNA and protect from tangling/reforming dsDNA

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6
Q

initiation

A

polymerisation starts

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7
Q

chain elongation

A

main phase of polymerisation

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8
Q

termination

A

polymerisation stop

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9
Q

okazaki fragments

A

dna fragments being generated on the lagging strand

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10
Q

Semi conservative DNA replication

A

DNA contains one older and one newly replicated strand

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11
Q

supercoiling

A

overwind DNA

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12
Q

replication fork

A

structure where DNA is being replicated on the lagging strands

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13
Q

promoter

A

Dna sequence near start site of transcription, bound by sygma factor which recruits RNA polymerase II complex

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14
Q

RNA polymerase II complex

A

Collection of proteins that make an RNA copy of DNA

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15
Q

Sigma factor

A

Common bacterial transcription factor

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16
Q

Transcription factor

A

protein that bind Dna and regulates transcription

17
Q

Transcription bubble

A

local unwinding of DNA for transcription

18
Q

Transcriptional activator

A

Molecule that increase transcription

19
Q

Transcriptional repressor

A

Molecule that decreases trancription

20
Q

Transcriptional start site

A

DNA sequence where transcription begins

21
Q

Alpha Helix

A

Form of protein secondary structure that forms a right handed helix

22
Q

Beta strand

A

Extended form of protein secondary structure

23
Q

Beta sheet

A

Assembly of beta strands

24
Q

Beta turn

A

Form of protein secondary structure, often formed between Beta strand in a beta sheet

25
Q

Secondary structure

A

Local interaction in the polypeptide chain with defined hydrogen bonding patterns and backbone bond angles

26
Q

Side chain

A

Functions groups which distinguish amino acids from each other

27
Q

polypeptide

A

protein or peptide

28
Q

primary structure

A

protein sequence

29
Q

Protein folding

A

process of forming tertiary structure

30
Q

Quaternary structure

A

Arrangement of folded proteins subunits

31
Q

Tertiary structure

A

Overall fold of a protein

BIOLOGY 1007 (2 decks)

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