Week 13 - Political Geography

Question 1

nation

Answer 1

shared common culture and territorial attachment

Question 2

state

Answer 2

area with defined and internationaly acknowledged boundaries

Question 3

nation-state

Answer 3

defined group of people who self-identify and occupy a spatially-defined territory w/ necessary infrastructure, social and political institutions

Question 4

Imagined Communities

Answer 4

Benedict Anderson

• all nations imagined communities
• share identity with others despite inequality/exploitation

Question 5

Nationalism

Answer 5

• the belief that a nation and a state should be congruent
  1) all members of national group have right to live within its boarders
  2) not ok for members of other national groups to reside here
  3) gov’t of the state must be in hands of dominant group

Question 6

Contemporary nationalism

Answer 6

• multinational states (Africa)

- binational states (canada/belgium)

Question 7

colonialism

Answer 7

economic, social and political activity in explored area that became colonies

Question 8

Orientalism

Answer 8

Edward Said

- Europeans defined middle east and Asia for colonial expansion

Question 9

Colonization

Answer 9

• economic activities benefited the central power

- aboriginal populations killed or moved

Question 10

decolonization

Answer 10

independance from colonial powers (peaceful and civil wars)

Question 11

centrifugal/centripetal forces

Answer 11

centrifugal: tear a state apart
centripetal: bind a state together

Question 12

6 types of governments

Answer 12

Democracy
Monarchy
Oligarchy
Dictatorship
Anarchism
Socialism

Question 13

democracy

Answer 13

rule by the people

• regular, free and fair elections
• equal opportunities by all citizens
• universal sufferage

Question 14

monarchy

Answer 14

rule by single persn

Question 15

oligarchy

Answer 15

rule by a few, usually those in possession f wealth

Question 16

dictatorship

Answer 16

oppressive and arbitrary form of gov’t; maintained by force and intimidation

Question 17

anarchism

Answer 17

• rejects concept of state and division of society into rulers and ruled

Question 18

socialism

Answer 18

social ownership of the means of production and co-operative management of the economy

Question 19

substate gov’ts (3)

Answer 19

unitary
federal
compound unitary

Question 20

unitary gov’t

Answer 20

most cenralized - local gov’t used by central state to organize the political hinterland

Question 21

federal gov’t

Answer 21

least centralized - to prevent one level of gov’t from dictating another

Question 22

compound unitary

Answer 22

midway between unitary and federal

Question 23

terrorism

Answer 23

use or threat of violence against a state/group with the goal of intimidation intended to achieve political outcome