Week 13- COPD Flashcards
What are the modifiable risk factors of COPD?
- cigarette smoking, 2nd hand smoke
- exposure to dust fumes: coal, class, asbestos
What are the non-modifiable risk factors?
- possibly repeated childhood respiratory infections (damage to alveoli and impairs lung defences)
- apha-1-antitrypsin deficiency ( a protein produced by the liver and found in the lungs,; normal prevent destruction o the lung tissue; can develop emphysema
What genetic predisposition can occur toward developing COPD?
AAT (alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency)
What is COPD?
- chronic respiratory disorder that restricts airflow
- progressive airway obstruction caused by chronic bronchitis and emphysema
- causes decreased SA for gas exchange
- airways collapse due to loss of elasticity in the lungs
- work of breathing requires more energy and greater use of accessory muscles
What is the pathophysiology of bronchitis?
- inflammed bronchi
- increased mucus
- increased work of breathing
How does bronchitis present?
Presents as:
productive cough, SOBOE, wheezing, decreased exercise tolerance, increased fatigue, chronic hypoxemia, difficulty with exhalation caused by airway obstructed by deem and excessive mucus
What is the pathophysiology of emphysema?
- decreased alveoli due to breakdown of lung’s normal defences
- lg air spaces (bull and blebs)
What presents with emphasyma?
Presesnts as progressive dyspnea, SOB, tachypnea, tachycardia, cough (late in disease), barrel chest, tripod postion, accessory muscle use, underweight, fatigue, decreased ADLs
What presents with emphasyma?
Presents as progressive dyspnea, SOB, tachypnea, tachycardia, cough (late in disease), barrel chest, tripod postion, accessory muscle use, underweight, fatigue, decreased ADLs
What presents with emphysema?
Presents as progressive dyspnea, SOB, tachypnea, tachycardia, cough (late in disease), barrel chest, tripod postion, accessory muscle use, underweight, fatigue, decreased ADLs
