Week 13: Chapter 44 - RAAS Targeting Drugs Flashcards
Describe the main components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and explain how the overall system is regulated physiologically.
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State the main effects of aldosterone on renal handling of sodium, potassium, and water. Also, identify the main physiologic stimulus for aldosterone release and describe the likely effects of increased aldosterone release on hemodynamics (blood volume, pressure, cardiac function) and the blood electrolyte composition.
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Name the classes of drugs (and a prototype for each) that can affect blood pressure by altering the RAAS or targets of its activity, and state how the drugs cause those effects.
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Describe the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on blood pressure and on renal regulation of sodium, potassium, and water excretion.
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Compare and contrast the actions of angiotensin II receptor blockers (antagonists/receptor blockers, such as losartan) with those of an ACE inhibitor or direct renin inhibitors.
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State the two main contraindications to administration of ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), and direct renin inhibitors.
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Discuss the major adverse effect of aldosterone antagonists (hyperkalemia) and the implications that this effect has with regard to combination therapy with ACE inhibitors or ARBs.
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Angioedema
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Angiotensin-II
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Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme
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Kinase-II
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Bradykinin
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First-Dose Hypotension
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Juxtaglomerular Cells
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Nephropathy
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