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RIPH 211 > Week 13 - Agrarian Reform > Flashcards

Week 13 - Agrarian Reform Flashcards

1
Q

___ ___ refers to wide variety of programs and measures by the government.

A

Land Reform

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2
Q

Land reform generally comprises the takeover of land by ___ from ___ ___ ___ with compensation.

A
  1. State
  2. Big land lords
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3
Q

Land reform aims to change the ___ structure to bring ___.

A
  1. Agrarian
  2. Equity
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4
Q

The land reform structure includes the relationship of ___ and ___.

A
  1. Tenants
  2. Landlords
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5
Q

___ ___ is more complex than land reform.

A

Agrarian reform

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6
Q

Agrarian reform includes measure to ___ the agricultural practices.

A

Modernize

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7
Q

Landlords are also called as “c___”.

A

Caciques

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8
Q

Landlords have tremendous ___ in the social and economic life of the nation.

A

Influence

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9
Q

Before the Spaniards came, the Filipino social system was ___.

A

Feudal

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10
Q

Within the Filipino social structure, the ___ comprised the ___, then the ___, followed by ___ and ___.

A
  1. Datu
  2. Maharlika
  3. Timawa
  4. Aliping Namamahay
  5. Aliping Sanguiguilid
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11
Q

The freeborn did not pay taxes to the ___, but were bound to follow him to war.

A

Datu

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12
Q

The ___ provides weapons, mans the car, builds houses, and plants rice.

A

Freeborn (Timawa)

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13
Q

The ___ serve the datu and maharlika, and they till the land.

A

Serf (Aliping Namamahay)

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14
Q

Both masters and serfs equally divided the ___ of the land. The ___ had houses of their own; they can pass these on to their ___ as legacy.

A
  1. Produce
  2. Serfs
  3. Children
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15
Q

Serfs were allowed the free disposal of their ___ and their lands.

A

Chattels

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16
Q

The serfs corresponded to the ___ of the late ___ century Spanish era.

A
  1. Aparceros
  2. 19th
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17
Q

The ___ serves the lord or master in both his house and farm; they were allowed some share of ___. They were their ___’s property, so they can be ___.

A
  1. Slaves (Aliping Sanguiguilid)
  2. Harvest
  3. Master’s
  4. Sold
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18
Q

Money was unknown, and ___ served as the medium of exchange.

A

Rice

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19
Q

During the Spanish period, lands were divided to encourage ___ settlers or reward ___ who served the ___.

A
  1. Spanish
  2. Soldiers
  3. Crown
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20
Q

The granting of divided lands to Spanish settlers and soldiers are known as “e___”.

A

Encomiendas

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21
Q

If the encomendero defends his encomienda from ___ ___, they could collect tributes from ___ in the amount determined by the ___ ___.

A
  1. External attacks
  2. Indios
  3. Royal government
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22
Q

The encomienda system was originally established for the benefit of ___. Thus, the encomenderos could not be called as ___.

A
  1. Indios (natives)
  2. Lords
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23
Q

The encomienda system degenerated into ___ of power by the encomenderos. The tributes they collect became ___, and the Indios within the encomienda became ___.

A
  1. Abuse
  2. Rents
  3. Tenants
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24
Q

The encomenderos became the first group of ___ in the Philippines.

A

Hacenderos

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25
Q

The Spanish government took the place of the ___.

A

Datus

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26
Q

The datu was now called as the c___ ___ ___, but it was the ___ of the estates who held real power in the ___.

A
  1. Cabeza de barangay
  2. Proprietors
  3. Barangay
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27
Q

What are the four classes of estate proprietors in the Philippines during Spanish period? (DA-S-CM-N)

A
  1. Dominicans and Augustinian
  2. Spanish peninsulares
  3. Criollos and mestizos
  4. Native principales
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28
Q

The ___ ___ leased their lands to both the natives and mestizos, who became known as ___.

A
  1. Dominican friars
  2. Inquilinos
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29
Q

Inquilinos paid a fixed ground ___ for the area cultivated, and the estate owner was not allowed to ___ the land to others.

A
  1. Rent
  2. Lease
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30
Q

If the leaseholder failed to pay the rent for ___ years, the estate owner could lease the land to others.

A

2 years

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31
Q

The inquilinos abused the policy by ___ the lands. They sold their ___, or mortgaged to ___ ___, or sub-leased them at rents higher than what they paid.

A
  1. Disposing
  2. Interests
  3. Wealthy takers
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32
Q

Due to the actions of the Inquilinos, the native agricultural entrepreneurs that tilled the land had to lease the ___.

A

Land

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33
Q

The Spanish authorities were aware of the practices, but no effective measures were made in spite of two ___ ___ issued in ___ and ___ urging landlords to secure titles.

A
  1. Royal decrees
  2. 1880 and 1884
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34
Q

Under the royal decrees, the ___ granted a term of ___ year within which claims for free titles were to be filed.

A
  1. Government
  2. One year
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35
Q

Only a few ___ understood the law, only they took advantage of the offer.

A

Peasants

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36
Q

The few peasants who took advantage of the offer were mostly of the ___ class, who claimed more lands than they actually had a right to.

A

Cacique class

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37
Q

Spanish land practices were halted due to the ___ ___ when Spanish land owners started to sell their lands. The Filipinos declared their independence in ___.

A
  1. Philippine revolution
  2. 1898
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38
Q

The 1st Philippine Republic was started on the month ___ and year ___; the president, ___, intends to confiscate the ___ ___.

A
  1. January 1899
  2. Aguinaldo
  3. Friar lands
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39
Q

Aguinaldo’s declaration was contained in the ___ ___: “All the lands, buildings, and other properties belonging to the ___ ___ in these islands shall be understood to have been restored to the ___ ___.”

A
  1. Malolos Constitution
  2. Religious corporations
  3. Filipino state
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40
Q

Aguinaldo’s republic was ___-___ and his plans to restore the properties was never ___.

A
  1. Short-lived
  2. Implemented
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41
Q

During the ___ era, several laws were passed to regulate the ___ ___.

A
  1. American era
  2. Land tenure
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42
Q

This law imposed specific conditions on the disposition of public lands.

A

Philippine Bill of 1902

43
Q

This law provided a comprehensive registration of land titles under the Torrens system.

A

Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No. 496)

44
Q

This law regulated relationships between landlords and tenants of rice lands.

A

Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4054)

45
Q

This law regulated relationships of tenants between landlords and tenants of sugar cane fields.

A

Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4113)

46
Q

At the start of the American era, over ___ native farmers were without ___ because of the defective land system.

A
  1. 400,000
  2. Titles
47
Q

To remedy the land disputes, the Americans introduced the ___ ___ of land registration whereby government-purchased titles were granted after the completion of ___ and ___ ___ had been proven in ___.

A
  1. Torrens system
  2. Survey and land ownership
  3. Court
48
Q

The majority of the ___ did not avail of the American government’s offer. Either they were not aware of it or they could not pay the fees for a ___ ___.

A
  1. Farmers
  2. Torrens title
49
Q

The American authorities could not touch the ___ ___ as they were covered by valid land titles during the ___ era.

A
  1. Friar lands
  2. Spanish era
50
Q

By the year ___, over ___% of the friar lands had been bought and disposed of by the US Civil Government of the PH.

A
  1. 1919
  2. 69%
51
Q

The Commonwealth period was established under president ___. The problem of land tenure relationships caused discontent among ___ ___ of estates.

A
  1. Quezon
  2. Oppressed tenants
52
Q

C___ spearheaded the ___ Revolt in ___, Pangasinan in ___.

A
  1. Calosa
  2. Colorum
  3. Tayug
  4. 1931
53
Q

In ___, R___ mounted the ___ Revolts in ___, Laguna.

A
  1. 1935
  2. Ramos
  3. Sakdal
  4. Cabuyao
54
Q

Quezon strengthened land tenure laws by giving more ___ to landowners and tenants to enter into ___ ___. The ___ of landed estates was started.

A
  1. Freedom
  2. Tenancy contracts
  3. Expropriation
55
Q

Another key policy of Quezon was the orderly settlement of VPAL, with focus on Mindanao under NLSA.

A
  1. Virgin public agricultural lands
  2. National land settlement administration
56
Q

The Quezon administration began under the ___ ___ which declares, “The promotion of ___ ___ to ensure the social well-being and economic security of all people should be the concern of the ___.”

A
  1. 1935 Constitution
  2. Social justice
  3. State
57
Q

Who are the four presidents under the 3rd Republic? (RQMM)

A
  1. Roxas
  2. Quirino
  3. Magsaysay
  4. Macapagal
58
Q

Under ___’s administration, ___ amended RA 4054; establishing as ___-___% sharing agreement between landlords and tenants. The one who shoulders the ___ gets the ___%. The interest of loans was also reduced to ___%.

A
  1. Roxas
  2. Republic Act No. 34
  3. 70-30
  4. Expenses
  5. 70%
  6. 6%
59
Q

Under ___’s administration, the Executive Order No. ___ replaced the NLSA with LASEDECO. They took over the responsibilities of AMEC and RCPA.

A
  1. Quirino
  2. 355
  3. National Land Settlement Administration
  4. Land Settlement Development Corporation
  5. Agricultural Machinery Equipment Corporation
  6. Rice and Corn Production Administration
60
Q

Under ___’s administration, Executive Order No. ___ was made; replacing NLSA with LASEDECO.

A
  1. Quirino
  2. 355
  3. National Land Settlement Administration
  4. Land Settlement Development Corporation
61
Q

LADESECO took over the responsibilities of ___ and ___.

A

AMEC and RCPA

62
Q

Under ___ administration, three RAs were created.

A

Magsaysay

63
Q

Republic Act No. ___ or ___ was aimed at the peasants of the HUK movement.

A
  1. 1166
  2. NARRA
64
Q

Republic Act No. ___ provided security of tenure for tenants. It granted tenants the choice to shift from share tenancy to ___. It also created the Court of ___ ___.

A
  1. 1199
  2. Leasehold
  3. Agrarian Relations
65
Q

Republic Act No. 1199 is also known as ___ ___ ___

A

Agricultural Tenancy Act

66
Q

Republic Act No. ___ provided acquisition of large tenanted rice and corn lands. For individuals, they get ___ hectares, and for corporations, they get ___ hectares.

A
  1. 1400
  2. 200
  3. 600
67
Q

RA 1400 is also known as ___ ___ ___.

A

Land Reform Act

68
Q

Under ___’s administration, RA ___ was enacted. It abolishes shared tenancy, institutionalizes ___, invests right of ___, and institutionalized a judicial system of ___ ___; incorporated ___, marketing and supervised ___ ___ of services to farmer ___.

A
  1. Macapagal
  2. 3844
  3. Leasehold
  4. Preemption
  5. Agrarian cases
  6. Extension
  7. Credit system
  8. Beneficiaries
69
Q

RA 3844 was also known as the ___ ___ ___ ___.

A

Agricultural Land Reform Code

70
Q

What are accomplished under Marcos’s administration? (RPP)

A
  1. RA 6389
  2. PD 2
  3. PD 27
71
Q

This act instituted the CARP and created the DAR.

A
  1. Code of Agrarian Reform
  2. Department of Agrarian Reform
72
Q

This PD placed the whole country under the land reform program.

A

PD 2

73
Q

This PD restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn lands.

A

PD 27

74
Q

On Oc___ 2_ 1___, Marcos issued PD ___ to emancipate ___ from the bondage of the soil. There is no more leasehold in tenanted ___ and ___ land.

A
  1. October 21, 1972
  2. PD 27
  3. Rice and corn land
75
Q

The PD 27 states that the ___ automatically becomes the amortizing ___ of the land he tills.

A
  1. Tiller
  2. Owner
76
Q

These are the two aspects of land distribution.

A
  1. Determination of the land to be transferred
  2. Financing
77
Q

On the first aspect of land distribution, ___ and ___ areas were selected because they were areas of ___ ___ because of social unrest.

A
  1. Rice and corn
  2. Urgent reforms
78
Q

On financing, the decree solved the problem of financing by fixing the ___ of land at a ___ ___. The compensation may be paid directly by the ___ to the landowner.

A
  1. Value
  2. Modest rate
  3. Tiller
79
Q

Priorities of coverage in PD27 shall be the following:

A
  1. Larger than 24 hectares
  2. Less than 24 but larger than 12 hectares
  3. 12 hectares less retention limit
80
Q

The beneficiaries of PD27 are the bonafide tenant farmers of ___ ___ ___ devoted to rice and corn.

They are benefitted with an ___-sized farm fixed at the ___ hectares of irrigated and ___ for non-irrigated lands.

A
  1. Private agricultural lands
  2. Economic-sized
  3. 3 hectares
  4. 5 hectares
81
Q

The landowners may retain an area not more than ___ hectares. Letter of Instruction ___ provides that tenanted areas of 7 hectares or less could be placed under ___.

A
  1. 7 hectares
  2. Instruction of Letter 474
  3. PD27
82
Q

Letter of Instruction ___ compels ___ to transfer to their tenant, if determined by DAR to be ___-farmer, with sources of income other than their holdings.

A
  1. 143
  2. Landowners
  3. Absentee-farmer
83
Q

On Letter of Instruction 474, if the owner owns other ___ lands not devoted to rice and corn, or other lands for residential, industrial, or urban purposes, the tenanted areas of 7 hectares could be placed under ___.

A
  1. Agricultural
  2. PD27
84
Q

On the 1987 Constitution, which article and section could this be found, “The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform”?

A

Article 2, Section 21

85
Q

The Proclamation no. ___ institutionalized the C___ and A___, covering all agricultural lands regardless of ___ ___ and commodity produced.

A
  1. 131
  2. CARP
  3. ARF
  4. Tenurial arrangement
86
Q

Executive Order No. ___ reorganized the operation of DAR.

A

129-A

87
Q

Executive Order No. ___ declared full ownership to qualified ___-___ covered by PD27.

A
  1. 228
  2. Farmer-beneficiaries
88
Q

Executive Order No. ___ provided mechanism for implementation of CARP.

A

229

89
Q

RA ___ is known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law. It promotes ___ ___ and industrialization.

A
  1. 6657
  2. Social justice
90
Q

What was the centerpiece of Cory’s administration?

A

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP)

91
Q

Executive Order No. ___ was needed to implement CARP.

A

EO 229

92
Q

When did Aquino signed EO 229?

A

July 1987

93
Q

RA 6657 was signed by Aquino on?

A

June 1988

94
Q

Executive Order No. 129-A strengthened ___, the lead agency responsible for ___.

A
  1. DAR
  2. CARP
95
Q

After the CARP law was signed on June 10, it was effective on June ___.

A

June 15

96
Q

To strengthen CARP, President Aquino issued on J___ 1___ three executive orders: EO ___, EO ___, and EO ___.

A
  1. June 1990
  2. 405, 406, 407
97
Q

EO ___ vested in the Land Bank of the Philippines as the primary responsibility for land ___

A
  1. 405
  2. Valuation
98
Q

EO ___ emphasized that ___ is central to government’s efforts to hasten ___ ___-___ development.

A
  1. 406
  2. CARP
  3. countryside agro-industrial development
99
Q

EO 406 created CARP implementing teams from ___ to ___ levels.

A
  1. National
  2. Municipal
100
Q

EO 406 gave priority to ___ ___ ___ ___

A

24 Strategic Operating Services

101
Q

EO 407 directed all government ___.

A

Instrumentalities

102
Q

EO 407 turns over to ___ all lands suitable for agriculture for coverage under CARP.

A

DAR

103
Q

The 1987 Constitution was ratified on F___ 1___.

A

February 1987

RIPH 211 (1 decks)

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