Week 13 - Agrarian Reform Flashcards
1
Q
___ ___ refers to wide variety of programs and measures by the government.
A
Land Reform
2
Q
Land reform generally comprises the takeover of land by ___ from ___ ___ ___ with compensation.
A
- State
- Big land lords
3
Q
Land reform aims to change the ___ structure to bring ___.
A
- Agrarian
- Equity
4
Q
The land reform structure includes the relationship of ___ and ___.
A
- Tenants
- Landlords
5
Q
___ ___ is more complex than land reform.
A
Agrarian reform
6
Q
Agrarian reform includes measure to ___ the agricultural practices.
A
Modernize
7
Q
Landlords are also called as “c___”.
A
Caciques
8
Q
Landlords have tremendous ___ in the social and economic life of the nation.
A
Influence
9
Q
Before the Spaniards came, the Filipino social system was ___.
A
Feudal
10
Q
Within the Filipino social structure, the ___ comprised the ___, then the ___, followed by ___ and ___.
A
- Datu
- Maharlika
- Timawa
- Aliping Namamahay
- Aliping Sanguiguilid
11
Q
The freeborn did not pay taxes to the ___, but were bound to follow him to war.
A
Datu
12
Q
The ___ provides weapons, mans the car, builds houses, and plants rice.
A
Freeborn (Timawa)
13
Q
The ___ serve the datu and maharlika, and they till the land.
A
Serf (Aliping Namamahay)
14
Q
Both masters and serfs equally divided the ___ of the land. The ___ had houses of their own; they can pass these on to their ___ as legacy.
A
- Produce
- Serfs
- Children
15
Q
Serfs were allowed the free disposal of their ___ and their lands.
A
Chattels
16
Q
The serfs corresponded to the ___ of the late ___ century Spanish era.
A
- Aparceros
- 19th
17
Q
The ___ serves the lord or master in both his house and farm; they were allowed some share of ___. They were their ___’s property, so they can be ___.
A
- Slaves (Aliping Sanguiguilid)
- Harvest
- Master’s
- Sold
18
Q
Money was unknown, and ___ served as the medium of exchange.
A
Rice
19
Q
During the Spanish period, lands were divided to encourage ___ settlers or reward ___ who served the ___.
A
- Spanish
- Soldiers
- Crown
20
Q
The granting of divided lands to Spanish settlers and soldiers are known as “e___”.
A
Encomiendas
21
Q
If the encomendero defends his encomienda from ___ ___, they could collect tributes from ___ in the amount determined by the ___ ___.
A
- External attacks
- Indios
- Royal government
22
Q
The encomienda system was originally established for the benefit of ___. Thus, the encomenderos could not be called as ___.
A
- Indios (natives)
- Lords
23
Q
The encomienda system degenerated into ___ of power by the encomenderos. The tributes they collect became ___, and the Indios within the encomienda became ___.
A
- Abuse
- Rents
- Tenants
24
Q
The encomenderos became the first group of ___ in the Philippines.
A
Hacenderos
25
The Spanish government took the place of the ___.
Datus
26
The datu was now called as the c___ ___ ___, but it was the ___ of the estates who held ***real power*** in the ___.
1. Cabeza de barangay
2. Proprietors
3. Barangay
27
What are the four classes of estate proprietors in the Philippines during Spanish period? (DA-S-CM-N)
1. Dominicans and Augustinian
2. Spanish peninsulares
3. Criollos and mestizos
4. Native principales
28
The ___ ___ leased their lands to both the natives and mestizos, who became known as ___.
1. Dominican friars
2. Inquilinos
29
Inquilinos **paid** a fixed ground ___ for the area cultivated, and the estate owner was **not** allowed to ___ the land to others.
1. Rent
2. Lease
30
If the leaseholder **failed** to pay the rent for ___ years, the estate owner could lease the land to others.
2 years
31
The inquilinos **abused the policy** by ___ the lands. They sold their ___, or mortgaged to ___ ___, or sub-leased them at rents higher than what they paid.
1. Disposing
2. Interests
3. Wealthy takers
32
Due to the actions of the Inquilinos, the native agricultural entrepreneurs that **tilled** the land had to lease the ___.
Land
33
The Spanish authorities were **aware** of the practices, but **no effective measures** were made in spite of two ___ ___ issued in ___ and ___ urging landlords to **secure** titles.
1. Royal decrees
2. 1880 and 1884
34
Under the royal decrees, the ___ **granted** a term of ___ year within which claims for free titles were to be filed.
1. Government
2. One year
35
Only a **few** ___ understood the law, only they **took advantage** of the offer.
Peasants
36
The few peasants who **took advantage** of the offer were mostly of the ___ class, who claimed **more lands** than they actually had a right to.
Cacique class
37
Spanish land practices were **halted** due to the ___ ___ when Spanish land owners started to **sell** their lands. The Filipinos **declared** their independence in ___.
1. Philippine revolution
2. 1898
38
The 1st Philippine Republic was started on the month ___ and year ___; the president, ___, intends to confiscate the ___ ___.
1. January 1899
2. Aguinaldo
3. Friar lands
39
Aguinaldo's declaration was **contained** in the ___ ___: "All the lands, buildings, and other properties belonging to the ___ ___ in these islands shall be **understood** to have been restored to the ___ ___."
1. Malolos Constitution
2. Religious corporations
3. Filipino state
40
Aguinaldo's republic was ___-___ and his plans to restore the properties was **never** ___.
1. Short-lived
2. Implemented
41
During the ___ era, several laws were passed to regulate the ___ ___.
1. American era
2. Land tenure
42
This law imposed specific conditions on the disposition of public lands.
Philippine Bill of 1902
43
This law provided a **comprehensive registration** of land titles under the Torrens system.
Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No. 496)
44
This law **regulated relationships** between landlords and tenants of rice lands.
Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4054)
45
This law **regulated relationships** of tenants between landlords and tenants of sugar cane fields.
Tenancy Act of 1933 (Act No. 4113)
46
At the start of the American era, over ___ native farmers were without ___ because of the **defective** land system.
1. 400,000
2. Titles
47
To remedy the land disputes, the Americans introduced the ___ ___ of land registration whereby **government-purchased** titles were granted after the completion of ___ and ___ ___ had been proven in ___.
1. Torrens system
2. Survey and land ownership
3. Court
48
The majority of the ___ **did not avail** of the American government's offer. Either they were **not aware** of it or they could **not pay the fees** for a ___ ___.
1. Farmers
2. Torrens title
49
The American authorities could **not touch** the ___ ___ as they were **covered** by valid land titles during the ___ era.
1. Friar lands
2. Spanish era
50
By the year ___, over ___% of the friar lands had been bought and disposed of by the US Civil Government of the PH.
1. 1919
2. 69%
51
The Commonwealth period was **established** under president ___. The problem of land tenure relationships **caused discontent** among ___ ___ of estates.
1. Quezon
2. Oppressed tenants
52
C___ spearheaded the ___ Revolt in ___, Pangasinan in ___.
1. Calosa
2. Colorum
3. Tayug
4. 1931
53
In ___, R___ mounted the ___ Revolts in ___, Laguna.
1. 1935
2. Ramos
3. Sakdal
4. Cabuyao
54
Quezon **strengthened** land tenure laws by giving more ___ to landowners and tenants to enter into ___ ___. The ___ of landed estates was started.
1. Freedom
2. Tenancy contracts
3. Expropriation
55
Another **key policy** of Quezon was the orderly settlement of **VPAL**, with focus on Mindanao under **NLSA**.
1. Virgin public agricultural lands
2. National land settlement administration
56
The Quezon administration **began** under the ___ ___ which declares, "The promotion of ___ ___ to ensure the social well-being and economic security of all people **should be the concern** of the ___."
1. 1935 Constitution
2. Social justice
3. State
57
Who are the four presidents under the 3rd Republic? (RQMM)
1. Roxas
2. Quirino
3. Magsaysay
4. Macapagal
58
Under ___'s administration, ___ amended RA 4054; establishing as ___-___% sharing agreement between landlords and tenants. The one who shoulders the ___ gets the ___%. The interest of loans was also reduced to ___%.
1. Roxas
2. Republic Act No. 34
3. 70-30
4. Expenses
5. 70%
6. 6%
59
Under ___'s administration, the Executive Order No. ___ **replaced** the **NLSA** with **LASEDECO**. They took over the responsibilities of **AMEC** and **RCPA**.
1. Quirino
2. 355
3. National Land Settlement Administration
4. Land Settlement Development Corporation
5. Agricultural Machinery Equipment Corporation
6. Rice and Corn Production Administration
60
Under ___'s administration, Executive Order No. ___ was made; replacing **NLSA** with **LASEDECO**.
1. Quirino
2. 355
3. National Land Settlement Administration
4. Land Settlement Development Corporation
61
LADESECO took over the responsibilities of ___ and ___.
AMEC and RCPA
62
Under ___ administration, three RAs were created.
Magsaysay
63
Republic Act No. ___ or ___ was aimed at the peasants of the HUK movement.
1. 1166
2. NARRA
64
Republic Act No. ___ provided security of tenure for tenants. It granted tenants the **choice to shift** from share tenancy to ___. It also created the Court of ___ ___.
1. 1199
2. Leasehold
3. Agrarian Relations
65
Republic Act No. 1199 is also known as ___ ___ ___
Agricultural Tenancy Act
66
Republic Act No. ___ provided **acquisition of large** tenanted rice and corn lands. For individuals, they get ___ hectares, and for corporations, they get ___ hectares.
1. 1400
2. 200
3. 600
67
RA 1400 is also known as ___ ___ ___.
Land Reform Act
68
Under ___'s administration, RA ___ was enacted. It **abolishes** shared tenancy, institutionalizes ___, invests right of ___, and institutionalized a judicial system of ___ ___; incorporated ___, marketing and supervised ___ ___ of services to farmer ___.
1. Macapagal
2. 3844
3. Leasehold
4. Preemption
5. Agrarian cases
6. Extension
7. Credit system
8. Beneficiaries
69
RA 3844 was also known as the ___ ___ ___ ___.
Agricultural Land Reform Code
70
What are accomplished under Marcos's administration? (RPP)
1. RA 6389
2. PD 2
3. PD 27
71
This act instituted the **CARP** and created the **DAR**.
1. Code of Agrarian Reform
2. Department of Agrarian Reform
72
This PD placed the whole country under the land reform program.
PD 2
73
This PD restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn lands.
PD 27
74
On Oc___ 2_ 1___, Marcos **issued** PD ___ to **emancipate** ___ from the bondage of the soil. There is no more leasehold in tenanted ___ and ___ land.
1. October 21, 1972
2. PD 27
3. Rice and corn land
75
The PD 27 states that the ___ automatically becomes the **amortizing** ___ of the land he tills.
1. Tiller
2. Owner
76
These are the two aspects of land distribution.
1. Determination of the land to be transferred
2. Financing
77
On the first aspect of land distribution, ___ and ___ areas were **selected** because they were areas of ___ ___ because of **social unrest**.
1. Rice and corn
2. Urgent reforms
78
On financing, the decree **solved the problem** of financing by fixing the ___ of land at a ___ ___. The compensation may be paid **directly** by the ___ to the landowner.
1. Value
2. Modest rate
3. Tiller
79
Priorities of coverage in PD27 shall be the following:
1. Larger than 24 hectares
2. Less than 24 but larger than 12 hectares
3. 12 hectares less retention limit
80
The **beneficiaries** of PD27 are the bonafide tenant farmers of ___ ___ ___ devoted to rice and corn.
They are benefitted with an ___-sized farm fixed at the ___ hectares of irrigated and ___ for non-irrigated lands.
1. Private agricultural lands
2. Economic-sized
3. 3 hectares
4. 5 hectares
81
The landowners may retain an area **not more than** ___ hectares. Letter of Instruction ___ provides that **tenanted areas** of 7 hectares or less could be placed under ___.
1. 7 hectares
2. Instruction of Letter 474
3. PD27
82
Letter of Instruction ___ compels ___ to transfer to their tenant, if determined by DAR to be ___-farmer, with sources of income **other than** their holdings.
1. 143
2. Landowners
3. Absentee-farmer
83
On Letter of Instruction 474, if the owner owns other ___ lands not devoted to rice and corn, or other lands for residential, industrial, or urban purposes, the tenanted areas of 7 hectares could be placed under ___.
1. Agricultural
2. PD27
84
On the 1987 Constitution, which article and section could this be found, "The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform"?
Article 2, Section 21
85
The Proclamation no. ___ institutionalized the C___ and A___, covering **all** agricultural lands regardless of ___ ___ and commodity produced.
1. 131
2. CARP
3. ARF
4. Tenurial arrangement
86
Executive Order No. ___ reorganized the operation of DAR.
129-A
87
Executive Order No. ___ declared **full ownership** to qualified ___-___ covered by PD27.
1. 228
2. Farmer-beneficiaries
88
Executive Order No. ___ provided **mechanism** for implementation of CARP.
229
89
RA ___ is known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law. It **promotes** ___ ___ and industrialization.
1. 6657
2. Social justice
90
What was the centerpiece of Cory's administration?
Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP)
91
Executive Order No. ___ was needed to implement CARP.
EO 229
92
When did Aquino signed EO 229?
July 1987
93
RA 6657 was signed by Aquino on?
June 1988
94
Executive Order No. 129-A strengthened ___, the lead agency responsible for ___.
1. DAR
2. CARP
95
After the CARP law was signed on June 10, it was effective on June ___.
June 15
96
To strengthen CARP, President Aquino issued on J___ 1___ three executive orders: EO ___, EO ___, and EO ___.
1. June 1990
2. 405, 406, 407
97
EO ___ vested in the Land Bank of the Philippines as the **primary responsibility** for land ___
1. 405
2. Valuation
98
EO ___ **emphasized** that ___ is central to government's efforts to hasten ___ ___-___ development.
1. 406
2. CARP
3. countryside agro-industrial development
99
EO 406 created CARP implementing teams from ___ to ___ levels.
1. National
2. Municipal
100
EO 406 gave **priority** to ___ ___ ___ ___
24 Strategic Operating Services
101
EO 407 **directed** all government ___.
Instrumentalities
102
EO 407 **turns over** to ___ all lands suitable for agriculture for coverage under CARP.
DAR
103
The 1987 Constitution was **ratified** on F___ 1___.
February 1987
