Week 12 - Human Reproduction And Endocrine System (Exam 3) Flashcards
What are the main reproductive organs in humans and their functions?
The male and female reproductive organs (testes, ovaries, uterus) are involved in gamete production and supporting fetal development.
How does the endocrine system maintain homeostasis?
The endocrine releases hormones to regulate bodily functions, maintaining internal balance.
How do hormones regulate the human menstrual cycle?
Hormones like estrogen and progesterone control the cycle, promoting ovulation and preparing the uterus for pregnancy.
What do hormones play in metamorphosis and homeostasis?
Hormones regulate changes during metamorphosis (e.g., T3 in amphibians and balance body processes (e.g., insulin for blood sugars)
What is asexual reproduction?
A form of reproduction where offspring are produced by a single organism without the fusion of gametes, resulting in genetically identical offspring
What are some examples of asexual reproduction in plants?
Examples include budding, vegetative propagation, and spore formation
What are the benefits asexual reproduction?
It allows for rapid population growth and does not require a mate, which can be advantageous in stable environments.
What are the drawbacks of asexual reproduction?
Lack of genetic diversity, making populations more susceptible to diseases and environmental changes.
What is sexual reproduction?
A process in which two gametes (sperm and egg) fuse to form a genetically unique offspring, combining DN from both parents.
Describe the lifestyle changes of a sexually reproducing plant?
Plants alternate between haploid gametophyte stage and a diploid sporophyte stage, a process known as alternation of generations.
What is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction?
It increases genetic diversity, can enhance adaptability and survival in changing environments.
Why is animal pollen beneficial for plants?
Animal pollinators, like bees and birds, help transfer pollen over longer distances, increasing genetic diversity and chances of successful fertilization.
What is pollination?
The transfer of pollen from the male another to the female stigma of a flower, which can lead to fertilization and seed production.
What are the two main types of pollination?
Self pollination (within the same flower or plant) and cross-pollination (between different plants)
What is selfing in plants?
Selfing is when a plant fertilizes itself with its own pollen, producing genetically similar offspring.
