week 12 - computer structure and function Flashcards
Computer architecture
The attributes that have an impact on the logical structure of the computer and execution of a program. (basic structure e.g. car has an engine and steering wheel)
Computer strucutre
The operational units and there interconections that form the architecture (components that form the architecture e.g. cars have different types of engines but still share the same architecture)
Computer function
The operation of each component as part of the structure
-data processing
-data storage
-data movement
-control
Catagories in computer structure
- I/O
- Main memory
- CPU
- System bus
Structure of CPU
- Control unit
- ALU
- Registers
- Internal bus
Vacume tube computer
ENIAC
- world war 2
- decimal
- manual programming
- 40,000 calculations per second
Registers
A small amount of high speed memory within the CPU that is used to store data that is needed during processing.
ALU
Arithmetic logic unit is the part of the computer that carries out calculation
Control unit
control and manages execution of instructions, it controls the sequence of instructions and makes sure that all the parts of the CPU are coordinated
Internal bus
transports data between the different components of the CPU
- von numan machine
- IAS computer
- stored program concept
- 1000 storage locations called words
words
storage locations used in IAS used to store numbers and instructions. each word is 40 bits. There are two types of words instuciton and number
instruction words
can have up to two 20 bit instructions consisting of 8 bit operations code and a 12 bit operand
Opcode
instruction that desides how data is going to be processed
