Week 11 - Public Health Ethics (FLIPPED CLASSROOM)

Question 1

What is public health ethics?

Answer 1

-The ethical aspect of individual, collective or institutional behaviours that affect the health of the “public” rather than the health of a single specified individual

Question 2

What are the public health policy considerations?

Answer 2

-Individual Liberty or Autonomy
-Expected Utility of the Policy (e.g., maximize
human wellbeing or best outcome for the most
people)
-Justice (e.g., “making sure everyone
contributes their fare share to some public
good and that they receive their fair share of
benefits of public health.”
-The Harm Principle (i.e., “the only justification
for interfering with the liberty of an individual,
against her will, is to prevent harm to others.”)

Question 3

What is the Nuffield Council on Bioethics “Intervention Ladder”?

Answer 3

Question 4

What are some ethical implications of Public Health Policy Strategies?

Answer 4

-Confidentiality breach = notifiable/communicable disease reporting
BUT ONLY TO THOSE WHO MUST HAVE ACCESS TO THE INFORMATION

Question 5

What are some ethical implications of Health Promotion?

Answer 5

1. What are the ultimate goals for public health practice?
2. How should this good be distributed in the population?
3. What means may be used in trying to achieve and distribute this
   good?
   * Are they cost-effective?
   * Do they interfere with free choice?

Question 6

What are the 4 types of health promotion in primary care clinic?

Answer 6

1. Education
2. Well-being
3. Prevention
4. Policy

Question 7

What is the difference between public health and clinical research/intervention?

Answer 7

1. Public Health is:
   * Health Policies
   * Health Promotion Programmes
   * Population-Based Surveys
   * Surveillance
   * Laboratory-based
   * Syndromic
2. Clinical Research is:* Pilot studies and feasibility
   studies
   * Prevention trials
   * Screening trials
   * Treatment trials
   * Cohort studies
   * Case control studies
   * Cross sectional studies

Question 8

What determines patient/ community participation?

Answer 8

1. Capacity
2. (Informed) Consent
3. Confidentiality

Question 9

What are the ethical implications in publications?

Answer 9

1. Authorship
2. Competing Interest (Conflict of Interest)
3. Plagiarism
4. Research Fraud

Question 10

What are 2 vaccine exemptions?

Answer 10

1. Medical conditions precluding vaccination (e.g pregnancy or immunodeficiency)
2. Non-medical (Religious objections or philosophical objections/personal beliefs)

Question 11

Who is part of the multi-disciplinary public health team?

Answer 11

1. Pharmacists
2. Epidemiologists
3. Physicians
4. Nurses
5. Environmental Health Specialists
6. Health Education Specialists
7. Communications

Question 12

Who are the stakeholders involved in public health?

Answer 12

1. Religious leaders
2. Government leaders
3. Community leaders
4. Healthcare facilities
5. School districts
6. State Public Health
7. CDC